Optical properties of a new inorganic liquid
crystal
Jessica C. Ramella-Roman, Otto C. Wilson
Department of Biomedical Engineering
The Catholic University of America, Washington DC, 20064
Abstract - We measured the optical properties of a new
inorganic liquid crystal material. By changing the
synthesization process AlFe colloidal rods
approximately 200-400 nm in length and ellipsoidal
platelets 2000-5000 nm in diameter can be created. In
this paper we show that the optical properties of this
new material change with its exposure to an external
magnetic field making it particularly suitable for
medical diagnostic applications.
I. INTRODUCTION
Inorganic liquid crystals are rare [1,2], unlike their
organic counterpart. Their controllable self-assembly
makes them a promising building block in the
construction of smart materials suited for medical
devices.
A new inorganic liquid crystal phase was
synthesized by hydrothermal aging of Al/Fe gels
resulting in a distribution of colloidal rod shaped
particles of 200-400 nm length and platelets 2000-
5000 nm in diameter. The procedure to generate rods
and platelets is described elsewhere [3], and it is
based on previous methods by Souza Santos et al.
[4]. The resulting nanoparticles have interesting
mechanical and optical properties when positioned in
a magnetic field. Depending on the pH reaction Ω
solutions of different color may be achieved [3].
Previous tests have shown that the color change is
based on the relative size of AlFe particles and their
orientation.
The color of the measured colloidal suspensions of
nanoparticles changed from red to brown depending
on their proximity to a permanent magnet. The
development of the nanoparticles is currently being
explored in relation to the study of artificial bone-
grafts. By using the nanoparticles ability to induce
shear stress on the graft by means of an external
magnetic field, graft growth and repair could
potentially be facilitated. In this context we are
developing optical methods for monitoring the
nanoparticle orientation.
In this paper we illustrate a set of measurements
aimed at quantifying the wavelength dependent
reflectance of the AlFe particles under the influence
of a magnetic field.
II. MATERIAL AND METHODS
The reflectance from a solution of AlFe particles was
measured with the aid of the goniometric system
shown in Fig.1. A 5 cm diameter and 2 cm thickness
NdFeB magnet (14,700 Gauss, Applied Magnets,
TX) was encased in a plastic support and positioned
on the rotating arm of a computer controlled
goniometer (Newport, Irvine, CA). A 1 cm diameter
cylindrical cuvette was suspended in the center of the
goniometer at less than 0.1 cm from the magnet. The
cuvette contained 5 ml of an AlFe colloidal solution.
The magnet could rotate around the cuvette in steps
of 10 degrees maintaining the same cuvette-magnet
distance, the total travel was 0
o
to 90
o
.
A fiber-based spectrophotometer (Ocean Optics,
FL) was used to measure the reflected light spectrum
for each magnet position. A 600µm core multi-mode
fiber optic was positioned in front of the cuvette and
connected to the spectrophotometer and was used as
the collection fiber. A second fiber of the equal size
was positioned next to the collection fiber and was
connected to a tungsten-halogen white light source
(Ocean Optics, FL). The emission fiber generated a
spot size of about 2 mm in diameter on the cuvette.
Fig. 1. Experimental layout
magnet- 0 position
magnet
90 position
Al/Fe cuvette
Spectrophotometer
White Light Source
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978-1-4244-1926-5/08/$25.00 © 2008 IEEE