i Spatial-temporal mapping of Parthenium (P. HysterophoruL) in the Mtubatuba municipality, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Lwando Royimani 212559726 A thesis presented to the School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Environmental Sciences. Supervisor: Prof. Onisimo Mutanga Co-Supervisor: Dr. John Odindi Pietermaritzburg, South Africa November 2017