~ 1003 ~ Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2020; 8(2): 1003-1005 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 www.entomoljournal.com JEZS 2020; 8(2): 1003-1005 © 2020 JEZS Received: 19-01-2020 Accepted: 21-02-2020 Manoj Kr. Kalita Assistant Professor, Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Joyhing, North Lakhimpur, Assam, India Mridu Pawan Baishya Assistant Professor, Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Joyhing, North Lakhimpur, Assam, India Sanjib Khargharia Assistant Professor, Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Joyhing, North Lakhimpur, Assam, India Gautam Bordoloi Assistant Professor, Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Joyhing, North Lakhimpur, Assam, India L Sanathoi Khuman Assistant Professor, Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Joyhing, North Lakhimpur, Assam, India Aditya Baruah Assistant Professor, Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Joyhing, North Lakhimpur, Assam, India Karuna Saikia Assistant Professor, Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Joyhing, North Lakhimpur, Assam, India Dwipjyoti Mahanta Assistant Professor, Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Joyhing, North Lakhimpur, Assam, India Kandarpa Boruah Assistant Professor, Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Joyhing, North Lakhimpur, Assam, India Prerona Patowary MVSc Scholar, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine and Jurisprudence, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, India Corresponding Author: Manoj Kr. Kalita Assistant Professor, Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Joyhing, North Lakhimpur, Assam, India Management of dystocia due to vertex posture in Assam hill goat: A case report Manoj Kr. Kalita, Mridu Pawan Baishya, Sanjib Khargharia, Gautam Bordoloi, L Sanathoi Khuman, Aditya Baruah, Karuna Saikia, Dwipjyoti Mahanta, Kandarpa Boruah and Prerona Patowary Abstract An Assam hill goat of one and half year was presented to veterinary clinical complex, Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science with prolonged labour since 11 hours. On clinical examination, slight extended fetal forelimb was observed outside the vulva with anterior longitudinal presentation within the birth canal and by per vaginal finger examination it was diagnosed to be Nape posture. Presence of pinching reflex revealed that the fetus was alive. The fetus was initially lubricated with proper lubricant and delivered carefully by applying repulsion and traction. Keywords: Assam hill goat, dystocia, repulsion, traction and vertex posture Introduction In small ruminants, the incidence of dystocia is low compared to large ruminants (<5%) (Bhattacharyya et al., 2015) [3] . Incidence of dystocia in goat has been reported to be about 7% (Abdul-Rahman et al., 1999) [1] . Dystocia, or difficult birth, is a contributory factor in peri- natal death of dams and newborns because of damage to the birth canal and use of excessive traction forces (Brounts et al., 2004; Scott, 2005) [4, 14] . Dystocia usually occurs when the first or second stages of parturition are delayed or when the first stage fail to progress to the next stage within 30 minutes (Brounts et al., 2004; Fubini and Ducharme, 2004) [4, 6] . Generally, dystocia may be of fetal or maternal origin (Noakes et al., 2009) [12] . Fetal dystocia occurred mainly due to oversize, mal-disposition, and monsters (Majeed and Taha, 1989; Noakes et al., 2009) [9, 12] . Maternal dystocia were mainly due to a deficient dilatation of the cervical canal (ringwomb), narrow pelvis and uterine inertia (Franklin Thomas, 1992) [5] . In some goats flocks, ringwomb, or incomplete cervical dilatation is a major problem. The cause of ringwomb is still unknown but may be due to a lack of release of hormones involved in softening collagen or a lack of response of the collagen in the cervix to hormonal stimulation (Wu et al., 2004) [16] . Narrowing of the pelvis is the second important cause of dystocia. This is a warning for an improper management, especially with reference to the mating age and the selection for easy parturition. Additionally, some females may be themselves not fully grown and their pelvic may be quite small (Jackson, 1995) [7] . According to Jackson (1995) [7] , fetal mal-disposition is the most common cause of caprine dystocia. It has been assumed that mild or severe fetal ill and fetal death might predispose to fetal mal- disposition (Noakes et al., 2009) [12] . It accounted for an incidence of 20 to 30% of all dystocia cases (Jackson, 1995) [7] . Materials and Methods History and Clinical Observations One and half year-old nulliparous Assam Hill goat at full term was presented by farmer of Joyhing to Veterinary Clinical Complex, Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science Assam, with the history of dystocia, 11 hours after the onset of straining and rupture of water bag, slight extended fetal forelimb was observed to be protruding outside the vulva region with anterior longitudinal presentation within the birth canal (Fig 1). Mild discharge from vagina, intermittent, acute distended abdomen, anorexic from past 36 hours and rectal temperature of 101.7 °F was observed. On clinical examination there was mild dehydration and pale mucous membrane, while rectal temperature, heart rate and respiration were found within the normal limit. On per-vaginal