Available online at www.CivileJournal.org
Civil Engineering Journal
(E-ISSN: 2476-3055; ISSN: 2676-6957)
Vol. 7, No. 08, August, 2021
1341
Sustainable Mortar Made with Local Clay Bricks and Glass
Waste Exposed to Elevated Temperatures
Zaid Ali Hasan
1*
, Shereen Qasim Abdulridha
1
, S. Z. Abeer
2
1
Technical Institute of Babylon, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Najaf, Iraq.
2
Roads and Transport Department, College of Engineering, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq.
Received 08 April 2021; Revised 18 July 2021; Accepted 24 July 2021; Published 01 August 2021
Abstract
The present study involved assessing the replacement of fine aggregate in the mortar with sustainable local materials like
clay bricks and glass included 168 specimens (cubes and prisms). Seven mixtures were cast for this work, one control
mix (R1) with 100% natural sand whereas mixes from R2 to R5 have 10% and 20% replacing natural sand with waste
clay bricks and waste glass separately and respectively. Mix R6 was included 20% replacing sand with combination
waste materials (10% waste clay bricks with 10% waste glass). Mix R7 has involved the same percent of replacing the
previous mix R6 but with adding Polypropylene fibers 1% by volume. The samples have put in an electrical oven for one
hour at 200, 400, and 600 ᵒC then cooled to room temperature to be tested and compared with samples at normal
temperature 24 ᵒC. Different mechanical tests were adopted involved flow tests, density, weight loss, compressive
strength, flexural strength, and water absorption. The results at different temperatures were discussed where many
findings were specified. The flexural strength at 400 ᵒC was showed improving by 56% for 20% waste clay brick and
69% with 10% waste glass, as well all combination mixes illustrated higher strength than the control.
Keywords: High Temperatures; Sustainable Materials; Recycle Aggregate; Compressive Strength.
1. Introduction
One of the challenges faces generally human beings and especially researchers, is pollution, due to the accumulation
of demolition constructions or by-product materials from manufacturing. The use of such recyclable materials in
construction is considered eco-friendly and appropriate to reduce serious problems such as nonbiodegradability,
accumulation of wastes, and protect natural resources from consumption. On the other hand that would open the field
forwards the researchers to explore the desirable produced characteristics and the limitations [1-5].
Waste produced from the construction and building manufacture has increased internationally, includes clay bricks
and concrete demolition. The United States was produced about 170 million tons of related materials in (2003), as
well, Canada produced in (2004) 15.5 million tons, and in (2008) 17.3 million tons [6]. Numerous researches
investigated the ability to use the waste of clay bricks in mortars, and have been obtained promising results [7-8].
Bektas et al. (2009) [9] studied experimentally the impacts of recycling the clay bricks replaced parts of the natural
sand on the properties of mortar. The results indicated that the mortar flowability was reduced as the percent of
replacement increased, but there was a limited effect on the compressive strength. The characteristics and
* Corresponding author: zaid.hasan.bib@atu.edu.iq; zeidengineer_2002@yahoo.com
http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2021-03091729
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee C.E.J, Tehran, Iran. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms
and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).