INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (IEJSE) Volume: 2, Issue: 1, Jan-Feb 2019 | E-ISSN NO: 2581-6195 pg. 29 SURFACE ACTIVE, PERFORMANCE AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MONOETHANOLAMIDE BASED NON-IONIC GEMINI SURFACTANTS Ishwar T. Gawali 1 , Ghayas A. Usmani 1 1 Department of Oil Technology, University Institute of Chemical Technology, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon-425001, MS, India. Abstract: Gemini surfactants can be viewed as two conventional surfactants connected via a spacer at the level of the polar head groups. Surface active, performance and biological properties of monoethanolamide based Gemini surfactant were investigated. The head group of the Gemini surfactant consist of ethanol amide connected to a 1,2,7,8- diepoxyoctane. The alkyl tails have been varied in terms of tail length. The surface activities of the synthesized surfactant were determined using surface tensiometry. Within the same homologues series, expected decrease in critical micelle concentration (cmc) with the increase in hydrophobicity was observed. However, the deviation in cmc value from regularity was observed when number of carbon atom in the hydrophobic chain exceeded a certain number. The foam production & stability were studied by measuring the volume of foam production after 30 sec and 300 sec at different concentration. The wetting power and emulsifying power were studied. The dispersion power of Gemini surfactants was quite good. Contact angle with respect to different solid probe were measured. Biodegradability and Antimicrobial property were studied. The synthesized surfactants were showed good antimicrobial activities against the tested microorganisms. Keywords: Gemini Surfactant, Surface Activities, Performance Properties, Contact Angle Measurements, Biological Properties. I. Introduction: Surfactants are amphiphilic molecule consisting of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. These substances are known to play a vital role many in process of interest in both fundamental and applied sciences. One important properties of surfactant is the formation of colloidal-sized cluster in solution, known as micelle. Today, new surfactants should be milder, safer and efficient with a minimal impact on the environment. Environmental awareness and protection have led to the development of more environmentally benign surfactant. There is trend toward replacing petrochemicals by renewable raw materials [1-2]. Gemini surfactants are a newer type of surfactants capable of forming self-assemblies having two amphiphiles in molecules, chemically bonded through a spacer group. They are more surface active by order of magnitude than conventional surfactants. This newer type of surfactants has attracted considerable interest since it became evident that these compounds have a very low critical micelles concentration and much greater efficiency in reducing surface tension than expected [3-4]. Due to their high molecular weight, skin penetration of Gemini surfactant is expected to be low, which is one of the desirable properties of a surfactant to be used in body care products such as soaps, shampoos and cosmetics. However, the main factor that has prevented the use of Gemini surfactants in practical applications is their higher cost [5-6]. There are several research publications on Gemini surfactants and their potential applications. Aratani et. al. have synthesized Gemini surfactants from tartaric acid and studied properties. Anno Wagennaar et. al. have synthesized non-ionic reduced-sugar based bola amphiphiles and Gemini surfactants with an α, ω-diamino-(oxa) alkyl spacer. Wenjian Zhang et. al. synthesized non-ionic Gemini surfactant Di-Glycerol 2, 9-Dihexyldecanedioate and studied the physico-chemical and performance properties [4, 5-6]. In previous research paper [7], we have described the synthesis, characterization and anticorrosion properties of ethanol amide based non-ionic Gemini surfactants. The general structure of synthesized gemini surfactant is shown in fig.1. In this paper, various surface active properties of synthesized surfactant such as surface tension, critical micelle concentration, effectiveness, surface excess concentration etc. were determined. The performance properties such as foaming power and stability, emulsifying ability, wetting power, dispersion capability were studied in details. We have also described biological properties such as antimicrobial activity and biodegradability. Here, R= C11H23 [Lauryl ethanolamide based Gemini surfactant (GSLMDO)], R=C13H27, [Myristyl ethanolamide based Gemini surfactant (GSMMDO)], R= C15H31, [Palmityl ethanolamide based Gemini surfactant (GSPMDO)], R= C17H33 [Oleyl ethanolamide based Gemini surfactant (GSOMDO)]. Fig.1: General Structure of ethanol amide based non- ionic Gemini surfactant.