Language Documentation in the Tohono O’odham Community ∗ Colleen M. Fitzgerald The Tohono O’odham Nation is situated in Arizona, south of Tucson, on the border with Mexico. The Tohono O’odham language is spoken in both the United States and Mexico, across a border that artificially separates the O’odham from the lands they traditionally occupied and traveled to for ceremonial and other purposes. The number of speakers of the Tohono O’odham language has been in decline over the past century. During this same time period, a considerable amount of documentation, much of it unpublished manuscripts and audio recordings, has been collected from O’odham speakers by linguists, anthropologists, and other researchers. These materials have the potential to serve as a valuable resource for the tribal community in language preservation, maintenance, and revitalization. This paper examines language documentation efforts on the Tohono O’odham (or Papago) Reservation in southern Arizona, focusing on a set of collaborative efforts between linguists and tribal members. These efforts focus on legacy documentation, those recordings and manuscripts collected by previous researchers. They exist in US collections held by museums, universities, and individual researchers. In many cases, they are both inaccessible and unknown to community members. A considerable portion is untranscribed, untranslated, and unpublished. Many do not come up on a Google search, so if they are catalogued electronically, they do not emerge in the current technological tool of preference. Here we present the beginnings of a model of a collaboration that involves both indigenous and non-indigenous people. It is part of a long-term endeavor to transcribe, translate, and publish these O’odham materials and thus has implications