Universal Journal of Applied Science 2(7): 233-236, 2014 http://www.hrpub.org
DOI: 10.13189/ujas.2014.020703
The Performance of a Jatropha Fruit Shelling Machine
and the Future Improvement
Bo Yuan Lim
1
, Rosnah Shamsudin
1,*
, B.T. Hang Tuah Baharudin
2
, Robiah Yunus
3
1
Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
2
Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
3
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
Copyright © 2014 Horizon Research Publishing All rights reserved.
Abstract The Jatropha fruit shelling machine has been
used to remove shells from fruits for the production of
Jatropha seeds in biodiesel industry. It is commonly
practised since the removal of shells can ensure higher crude
oil yield during oil extraction process in biodiesel production.
In the study, the performance of a Jatropha fruit shelling
machine was evaluated. The machine basically consists of a
cracking unit with compression rollers and a vibratory sifter
used as the separation unit. The study revealed that the
vibratory sifter has failed to completely separate the shells
from seeds. Meanwhile, the separation efficiency of the
machine was found to be 91.25 %. In fact, the cracking unit
of the machine tended to produce shells and seeds in broken
form. All the Jatropha fruits’ particles produced have
irregular size and shape, causing the separation through
vibratory sifter to be difficult. Therefore, the study has
suggested adding a blower to further improve the separation
system in the future.
Keywords Jatropha, Shelling Machine, Seed Production
1. Introduction
Jatropha fruits contain oil-rich seeds which can be used as
the feedstock for biodiesel production [1]. Further, Jatropha
is non-edible and has been brought to public’s attention due
to its lower tendency to contribute to the reduction of food
production, as compared to edible biodiesel feedstocks [1-4].
Basically, each Jatropha fruit consists of 60-65% of seed and
35-40% of shell by mass while each seed consists of 40-42%
of husk (coating) and 58-60% of kernel (nucleus) by mass [5].
Moreover, the plant cultivation stage was reported could
produce 4 tonnes of seeds per hectare annually while the
crude oil yield could be 1590 kg per hectare [6,7].
Figure 1. The Composition of Jatropha Fruit