Volume 2 • Issue 1 • 1000111
Hydrol Current Res
ISSN: 2157-7587 HYCR, an open access journal
Open Access Research Article
Tripathi and Tripathi Hydrol Current Res 2011, 2:1
DOI: 10.4172/2157-7587.1000111
Removal of Organic Content and Color from Secondary Treated
Wastewater in Reference with Toxic Potential of Ozone During Ozonation
Smriti Tripathi
1
, Devendra Mani Tripathi
2
and B D Tripathi
1
*
1
Centre for Environmental Science & Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
2
Pollution Ecology Research Laboratory, CAS Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
*Corresponding author: B D Tripathi, Centre for Environmental Science &
Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P, 221005, India, E-mail:
smrititripathibhu@gmail.com
Received November 28, 2010; Accepted March 01, 2011; Published April 22,
2011
Citation: Tripathi S, Tripathi DM, Tripathi BD (2011) Removal of Organic Content
and Color from Secondary Treated Wastewater in Reference with Toxic Potential
of Ozone During Ozonation. Hydrol Current Res 2:111. doi:10.4172/2157-
7587.1000111
Copyright: © 2011 Tripathi S, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and
source are credited.
Abstract
Present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of ozonation on the quality improvement of Secondary
Treated wastewater at Varanasi, in India. Physico- chemical parameters such as BOD, COD, TOC, UV
254
, color and
microbiological parameters such as E. coli, fecal coli. & total coliform disinfection parameters were used to evaluate
the effciency of ozone to upgrade secondary effuent quality. Experimental results revealed that 10 mgL
-1
O
3
for 5
minutes exposure duration was found most suitable dose and contact time for the signifcant reduction of physico-
chemical parameters of secondary treated wastewater such as BOD, COD, TOC, UV
254
and color i.e. 30%, 14.3%
45% & 60% respectively as well as it enhanced the biodegradability more than 50% in the treated water. Our data
also revealed that this applied dose and exposure time is responsible for the highest degradation of microbiological
parameters i.e. >98%. Other than this the toxic response of test species was infuenced mainly by the dose and
exposure time. The acute toxic effect after ozonation was observed on V. fscheri and found that toxic effect of the
secondary effuent was decreased after applied dose and exposure duration. Results supported the expectation that
the process of Ozone might enhance the overall treatment effciency of secondary effuent treatment.
Keywords: Ozonation; Biodegradable organic carbon; Secondary
treated wastewater; Physico-chemical Properties; Toxicity
Introduction
Water is considered to be the most import pillar of modern
civilization in all aspect of life so the presence of harmful organic
compounds and pathogenic microorganisms in the water increases the
magnitude of water pollution on human health and livelihoods [1-4].
Te increasing pressures of wastewater discharge on water supplies and
the shortage of water resources, more and more attentions have been
paid on the proper treatment of wastewater [5-7].
Te conventional and advanced treatment processes (i.e.
microfltration (MF) or ultra-fltration (UF) technology) are well-
known but due to large land occupation, complicated operation,
sophisticated management and its higher cost cannot be widely used
[7-9]. Growing concerns about the environment have resulted in the
development of new environment friendly higher treatment efciency
and cost efective technologies, to minimize the problem of wastewater
[7,10,11].
Now a day ozone is used worldwide and has been largely applied in
the treatment of wastewater [12]. Ozone, a highly oxidative agent, react
directly or via a hydroxyl radical mechanism results into the reduction
of organic content with increase of biodegrability of natural organic
matter and the efcient inactivation of a wide range of microorganisms
[6,13-15]. Ozonation has been used to meet discharge requirements
for coliform and virus inactivation since the 1970s [16]. Frequent
Ozonation for treatment of wastewater and drinking water is due to
its ability to oxidize complex organic molecules, phenols, Endocrine
Disruptive Chemicals (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals [17-21]. In
combination of microbial disinfection make ozonation an attractive
alternative for advanced wastewater treatment [22].
Earlier, corona discharge was the main source for the generation
of Ozone, which requires much higher resource and economy for the
treatment of water with ozone. So, it was limited to certain areas viz
UV lights for the drinking water treatment. Due to aforesaid reasons
it was not only feasible for treatment of municipal sewage. Recent
ozone generation techniques viz UV lights require lower energy
consequently; costs are also reduced making the feld application of
Ozonation economically viable [23,24].
In order to estimate the overall environmental impact of ozonated
wastewaters, several studies have been conducted incorporating
bioassays along with physicochemical and microbiological
determinations [25]. Ecotoxicological testing provides an overall direct
estimation of the environmental hazard of efuents, by the exposure of
selected test species on the respective samples and the determination of
certain end-points, such as lethal efect, growth ability, etc. Terefore,
bioassays consist of an attractive and promising alternative and can
be performed supplementary to chemical determinations for the
assessment of the environmental impact of efuents the corresponding
results were variable and depended on both the nature of the test
and the aquatic sample characteristics [26-28] indicated that the
toxic responses of ozonated secondary efuents on the survival and
reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia were site-specifc and presented
seasonal variation (ozonation conditions: 1-3 mgL
-1
ozone dose for 10
min., followed by 5 min. of residual ozone exposure). Similar results
have been reported by Monarca et al. [20], who studied the efect
of ozonated secondary efuents (at specifc optimized ozonation
conditions concerning certain microbiological parameters) on bacteria
Vibrio fscheri. Nakamuro et al. [21], Ono et al. [22] and Takanashi et
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ISSN: 2157-7587