Indian Phytopath. 70 (3) : 403-404 (2017)
DOI 10.24838/ip.2017.v70.i3.72502
First record of scab disease of almond caused by
Cladosporium carpophillum in India
NASSREEN F. KACHO
1
*, KHURSHEED AHMED
1
, MOHAMMED HUSSAIN
2
, SABA BANDAY
1
, MUSHTAQ A. BHAT
1
and NISAR A. QAZI
1
1
Division of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar Campus,
Srinagar 191 121, Jammu & Kashmir, India
2
Department of Zoology, Government Degree College, Kargil 194 103, Jammu & Kashmir, India
Received: 5 April 2017/ Accepted: 6 June 2017/ Published online: 24 July 2017
© Indian Phytopathological Society 2017
ABSTRACT: In India Almond (Prunus amygdulus Batsch.) is commercially grown in Jammu and Kashmir state. During 2012
-2014, circular to oval lesions with brown centers and slightly raised purple margins were observed on twigs of almond,
while on leaves lesions appeared as many small, indistinct, somewhat circular, greenish yellow blotches under surface. On
fruit, spots were dark grey to black sooty appearance that coalesced into large dark blotches. Average disease intensity of
24.30 per cent and 26.50 per cent was recorded on leaves and twigs respectively. The culture obtained from the diseased
sample was identified as Cladosporium carpophillum Thum. on the basis of the colony and morphological characters. This
is the first report of scab of Almond fruit caused by C. carpophillum in India. This disease can seriously affect Almond
quality and yield, so effective measures should be implemented to control it.
Keywords: Almond, Scab, Cladosporium carpophillum
FIRST REPORT
*Corresponding author: ftmkacho898@gmail.com
Almond (Prunus amygdulus Batsch.) is one of the most
important nut crops with wide spread popularity, is
cultivated in temperate regions of the world. In India
almond is mainly grown in Jammu and Kashmir and
Himachal Pradesh. However, commercial cultivation of
this nut is mainly confined to the state of Jammu and
Kashmir occupying an area of 17,153 ha with an annual
production of 12497 metric tonnes (Anonymous, 2013;
Khosla et al., 2009).
Almond orchards surveyed in different districts of
Kashmir valley during 2012-2014 were found to be
affected by scab disease. Average disease intensity of
24.30 per cent and 26.50 per cent was recorded on
leaves and twigs respectively. The disease mainly
appeared first on twigs in the first week of May and later
on leaves in the second week of May and in severe cases
on fruits. On twigs, lesions were circular to oval with brown
centres and slightly raised purple margins, while on
leaves lesions appeared as many small, indistinct,
somewhat circular, greenish yellow blotches under
surface. The lesions later enlarge same reaching 10 mm
or more in diameter. With the production of spores, they
take an olivaceous appearance and eventually brownish
black. On fruit, spots were dark grey to black sooty
appearance and coalesced into large dark blotches (Fig.
1). The mycelial colony on PDA was dark green turning
black after 30-35 days of incubation in pure culture.
Conidiophores were solitary, erect, somewhat flexuous
slightly constricted at septa and pale brown in colour.
Fig. 1. Natural scab symptoms on the (a) Twigs (b) Leaves and (c) Fruits of Almond