Journal of Community Health Vol 13, No. 2, Summer 1988
SOCIAL SUPPORT AND HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT: ISSUES IN THEORY,
RESEARCH, AND PRACTICE
Cathleen M. Connell, PhD and Anthony R. D'Augelli, PhD
ABSTRACT: The physical and psychological correlates and conse-
quences of social support have received much attention in the past
decade. To date, however, much research on social support has not
been guided by an integrated theoretical or conceptual framework. In
this report, a life span developmental perspective is suggested for the
study of social support. The discussion addresses numerous concep-
tual, theoretical, and empirical concerns related to the investigation of
support. Implications for designing, implementing, and evaluating
support-related interventions are highlighted.
INTRODUCTION
Research on the physical and mental health correlates and the
consequences of social support has accumulated at a remarkable rate
over the last decade, as evidenced by the appearance of many analytic
reviews and books. ~-~'-' Over 450 studies were published in the psycho-
logical literature alone in the two years following the inclusion of social
support as an index term in Psychological Abstracts. ~:'
The diversity of human service activities that currently operate
under the general social support rubric is paralleled by the numerous
empirical methods used to study the construct. Refinement of theory,
empirical research, and practice in this area is essential. To test the
intuitively appealing assumption that social support has a salutary effect
on physical and psychological health, it is critical that social support be
defined precisely, operationalized in multidimensional terms, and
Cathleen M. Connell, Ph.D. is a Research Fellow in the Department of Internal Medi-
cine, Division of Lipid Research, at the Washington University School of Medicine. Anthony R.
D'Augelli, l'h.D, is an Associate Professor of Human Development and Family Studies at The
Pennsylwmia State University.
Requests tor reprints should be addressed to Cathleen M. Connell, Ph.D., Research
Fellow, Center fi~r Health Behavior Research, Washington University School of Medicine, 33 Soulh
Euclid Avenue, 2nd tloor, SI. Louis, MO 63108.
This research was funded in part by a National Institute on Aging pre-doctoral training
grant to The Pennsylvania State University (#T32-AG00048) and a National Heart, Lung, and
Blood Institute post-doctoral training grant, Nturition-Behavinral Cardiovascular Disease Preven-
tion (#5T32-HL(17456) to lhe Washington University School of Medicine.
104 © 1988 Human Sciences Press