Radioprotection, Suppl. 1, vol. 40 (2005) S291-S297
© EDP Sciences, 2005
DOI: 10.1051/radiopro:2005s1-044
A case study in the Chernobyl zone
Part I: Predicting radionuclide transfer to wildlife
N.A. Beresford
1
, S.M. Wright
1
, C.L. Barnett
1
, M.D. Wood
2
, S. Gaschak
3
,
A. Arkhipov
3
, T.G. Sazykina
4
and R. Avila
5
1
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg,
Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK, e-mail: nab@ceh.ac.uk
2
Jones Building, School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool L69 3GS, UK
3
International Radioecology Laboratory, ICC, Post Box 151, Slavutych,
07100 Kiev District, Ukraine
4
SPA “TYPHOON”, 82 Lenin Av., Obnisk, Kaluga Region 249038, Russia
5
Facilia AB, 16751 Bromma, Sweden
Abstract. A number of frameworks have been proposed to assess the protection of wildlife from ionising
radiations. In this paper we compare the predictions of transfer parameters recommended by one of these
frameworks (FASSET) with observed whole-body
90
Sr and
137
Cs activity concentrations in a range of
mammal and invertebrate species sampled within the Chernobyl exclusion zone. Predicted activity
concentrations are generally within the observed ranges and mean predictions for reference organisms are
similar to, or circa one order of magnitude higher than, the observed means. However, some predictions
are more than one order of magnitude lower than observed values. No data were available for animals to
test predictions for the other radionuclides released by the Chernobyl accident. In a separate paper the
outputs of this assessment will be used to estimate doses to reference organisms and compare these to
observed radiation induced effects reported within the Chernobyl zone.
1. INTRODUCTION
In recent years, national and international programmes have proposed frameworks and methodologies
to assess the protection of wildlife from ionising radiations [e.g. 1,2,3,4]. Whilst some of these are
now being used by national authorities [5], there has to date been little attempt to rigorously test their
predictions against available data. In part this is because of the lack of sites where radiation induced
effects can be observed. One suitable site is the Chernobyl exclusion zone for which considerable
amounts of data are available for a wide range of biota across a gradient of exposure rates.
In this paper we apply the methodology presented by Brown et al. [6], which forms part of the
FASSET environmental impact assessment framework [4], to estimate the whole-body radionuclide
concentrations of wild animals within the Chernobyl exclusion zone and compare these to available
data. A separate paper takes this work further to estimate doses and the likely subsequent effects [7].
2. THE FASSET FRAMEWORK
The FASSET framework presents look-up tables of concentration ratios (CR) for radionuclides of 19
elements to enable the prediction of the activity concentrations in biota from soil activity
concentrations (nominally 0-10 cm soil layer) [6]. Values of CR were estimated from empirical data
or, where these were lacking, by model estimation. Biota are represented by a range of reference
Article published by EDP Sciences and available at http://www.edpsciences.org/radiopro or http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/radiopro:2005s1-044