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International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2019; 7(1): 75-78
E-ISSN: 2347-5129
P-ISSN: 2394-0506
(ICV-Poland) Impact Value: 5.62
(GIF) Impact Factor: 0.549
IJFAS 2019; 7(1): 75-78
© 2019 IJFAS
www.fisheriesjournal.com
Received: 12-11-2018
Accepted: 15-12-2018
Dadan Zulkifli
Jakarta Fisheries University,
12520 Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia
I Nyoman Suyasa
Jakarta Fisheries University,
12520 Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia
Ratna Suharti
Jakarta Fisheries University,
12520 Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia
Mugi Mulyono
Jakarta Fisheries University,
12520 Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia
Basuki Rachmad
Jakarta Fisheries University,
12520 Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia
Nunung Sabariyah
Jakarta Fisheries University,
12520 Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia
Rifqi Abdillah
Jakarta Fisheries University,
12520 Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia
Correspondence
Dadan Zulkifli
Jakarta Fisheries University,
12520 Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia
A conflict analysis of management of fishery resources
in East coastal of Sumatra, Indonesia
Dadan Zulkifli, I Nyoman Suyasa, Ratna Suharti, Mugi Mulyono, Basuki
Rachmad, Nunung Sabariyah and Rifqi Abdillah
Abstract
This research was conducted on the east coast of Sumatra Island including Aceh, North Sumatra, Riau,
Jambi, South Sumatra and Lampung Province. From February 6 to May 20, 2017. The objective of the
research is to analyze the existence of potential conflicts, types of conflicts and alternative solutions to
conflict in the East Coast of Sumatra. The data collection methods are carried out using qualitative
methods. The results showed that the potential for fisheries conflicts on the east coast of Sumatra is
caused by poor utilization of space and tends to prioritize the economic side compared to the ecological
and social side. The type of conflict found is class conflict, ownership conflict and agrarian conflict. The
alternative solution of the potential of conflict is increasing the supervision and law enforcement in the
sea fisheries, strengthening institutional management of the utilization of fisheries resources and
developing the network between fishing communities in the Malacca Strait.
Keywords: Conflict potential, type of cConflict, the alternative solution of conflict
1. Introduction
Fisheries resources are a major source of food especially as animal protein for humans and
provide employment and economic benefits
[1]
. Low productivity leads to competition among
fishermen to get fish catches are becoming increasingly stringent because the regime of fish
resources management is open (open access). These conditions are prone to conflict
[21]
.
Meanwhile, global demand for marine protein is growing
[2]
. Tunje said that the increasing
fishing pressure and over-harvesting of fisheries resources, for instance, have resulted in an
uptight competition for the fisheries resources between the multiple users and subsequent
reduction or collapse of important viable fish populations. These, in turn, have led to conflicts
among the different user groups and even within individuals in a particular fisher user group
over the declining fisheries resources
[9]
.
Fisheries resource use conflicts are common among artisanal fishers of tropical developing
coastal areas. This is because most communities in these regions are highly dependent on the
coastal and marine resources for livelihood
[10]
. These resource use conflicts, if not well
understood and managed, can be a constraint towards achieving sustainable use and
management of the resource with some associated negative socio-economic implications
[9]
.
Conflicts among stakeholders are often expressed in three scales: communities, coastal area,
and individual communities
[18]
. The conflicts that occur among fishermen include two main
characteristics, the first is conflicts between fellow fishermen themselves or internal conflicts,
and the second is conflicts between fishermen and non-fishermen or external conflicts
[11]
.
Conflicts among fisheries stakeholders arise due to differences in power, interests, values,
priorities, and manner of resource exploitation
[15]
. Demand for fishery outputs, which has
exceeded the capacity of near-shore areas to satisfy all of the demands instantaneously, is
causing spatial conflicts among fishing gear operators. This lead to serious problems as
overfishing, degradation of coral reefs and other important near-shore habitats, coastal and
marine pollution, and others, which could challenge sustainable development at both regional
and local scales
[18]
. Conflict is a fundamental social process
[4]
, particularly in vulnerable
regions that depend on fish for food security
[3]
. A conflict is the result of opposing interests
involving scarce resources, goal divergence and frustration
[17]
. Conflicts over access and
control of fisheries and aquatic resources are a global phenomenon
[10]
.