International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 08 | August 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 279 A Review Paper on Comparative Study of Fixed Base, Base Isolation & Damper System in RC Building Budhi Ram Chaudhary 1 , Suman Devkota 2 , Gurpreet Singh 3 1 PG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India 2 PG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India 3 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract – Normal buildings are designed for 8-14% of the force total force experience. Therefore, design against earthquake effect is called as earthquake-resistant design and not earthquake-proof design. Earthquake design requires the structure to remain elastic or to undergo inelastic behavior, but wind design requires only elastic behavior in the entire range of displacement. In this review paper, we have studied the seismic behavior of RC building with base, with base isolation. Due to urbanization multi-story building with basement parking space and storage requirement seismic dissipating devices are being used for various types of structure and located in the basements which are difficult to maintain. Therefore, different types of dampers are used above the basement. Base isolation system is the passive control device which decouples the super structure from substructure resting ground motion by insinuating structural elements with low horizontal stiffness between the structure and foundation. The analysis and conclusion of research papers shows that base shear, time period, story drift, stiffness are increased, and storey displacement, damping ratio, overturning moment increases by the use of dampers and base isolation system. Base isolation shows the best result in hard soil and poor in loose soil. After comparing the results base isolation system is best for low to medium rise building and damper for high rise buildings. Key Words: RC Buildings, Fixed base, Base isolation (LRB), Dampers, Fluid Viscous Dampers, Soil-Structure Interaction & Seismic Analysis 1. INTRODUCTION The development of fast urban infrastructures and the growth of people peoples getting economically poor to make their houses in the plain and urban areas. There will become the congestion of land and need of high rise buildings which must be safe from the seismic point of view to reduce the destruction from natural hazards. The knowledge of seismic and wind performance in modern building structures becomes an essential section in the design of frame structures. In high seismic zones, increasing the size of members of the building is not advantageous as it increases the weight of the building, covers the large spaces and so not economical design and safety means of structure. Buildings are designed only for a fraction (8-14%) of the force that they would experience. Therefore, design against earthquake effect is called as earthquake-resistant design and not earthquake-proof design. Earthquake design requires the structure to remain elastic or to undergo inelastic behavior, but wind design requires only elastic behavior in the entire range of displacement. The loading imposed by earthquake shaking is displacement type and that by wind & all other hazards is of force type. Therefore wind requires only elastic behavior in the entire range of displacement, but in an earthquake, design building must be elastic or undergo inelastic behavior. Earthquake resistant design of the structure is the method of providing the special devices, methods of design that can resist the effect of ground motion and must be safe during the ground motion. For resisting the lateral forces acting due to seismic and wind load shear wall and bracing are provided in the building. However, it is not sufficient and economical for all types of structures. So the evolution of base isolation and dampers in the frame structures to reduce the horizontal movement of the upper story called energy dissipating device. The control strategy for seismic energy dissipating system is base isolation (tunned mass, liquid, liquid column dampers) energy dissipating devices such as VD, DED, FD is passive control device; active tendons, active TMDs & AMD are active control system and combination of the active and passive system are hybrid control systems. Analysis of building is done by various software like FEM, AASYS, ETABS, SAP2000, Staad Pro. Robot Structure etc. Dynamic analysis such as equivalent static analysis, response spectrum analysis, time history analysis, pushover analysis is essential to know the dynamic performance of structures. Among them, nonlinear time history analysis gives the best result and mostly used for research work. 1.1 Base Isolation System Base isolation is one of the effective seismic energy dissipating devices used in earthquake-prone regions for designing of a new buildings as well as retrofitting of existing building structures. The base isolation system separates the superstructure from the base (foundation or substructure). It must be flexibility, damping, and to resist vertical or other service loads. Its first application was done in New Zealand in 1974, US application in 1984, Japanese application in 1985 but in India, it started in 2003. The main principle of base isolation is the separation of the building superstructure from the ground to place the base isolation system which reduces the chances of destruction due to seismic excitation. There