189 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 A. G. Bhasker et al. (eds.), Management of Nutritional and Metabolic Complications of Bariatric Surgery, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4702-1_12 M. T. Adil (*) Consultant Surgeon, Department of Upper GI and Bariatric Surgery, Luton and Dunstable University Hospital, Luton, UK e-mail: mdtanveer.adil@ldh.nhs.uk A. Askari Specialty Trainee, East of England Surgical Rotation, Watford General Hospital, Watford, UK e-mail: alan.askari@nhs.net K. Mahawar Consultant Surgeon, Department of General Surgery, Sunderland Royal Hospital, Sunderland, UK e-mail: Kamal.mahawar@chsft.nhs.uk 12 Cardiovascular Complications After Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Md Tanveer Adil, Alan Askari, and Kamal Mahawar The central problem in heart failure is not that patients are short of breath or that they retain fuid: the problem is that they die. Heart failure is a mortal illness, more serious than most malignancies. —Arnold M. Katz, MD Abbreviations AF Atrial Fibrillation ASMBS American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery BMS Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery DVT Deep Vein Thrombosis HF Heart Failure IVC Inferior Vena Cava LMWH Low Molecular Weight Heparin MI Myocardial Infarction