International Journal of Dentistry and Oral Health Volume 3 Issue 4, May 2017 Alaa Moustafa Attia et al. (2017), Evaluation of Immediate Dental Implant Augmented with Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Coated by Polylactide - co-Glycolide Versus to Immediate Dental Implant Only. Int J Dent & Oral Heal. 3:4, 46-55. DOI: 10.25141/2471-657X-2017-4.0045 International Journal of Dentistry and Oral Health Evaluation of Immediate Dental Implant Augmented with Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Coated by Polylactide - co-Glycolide Versus to Immediate Dental Implant Only Reaserch Article Open Access Corresponding Author: Alaa Moustafa Attia, Oral medicine, periodontology, oral diagnosis and dental radiology, Faculty & University: Al-Azhar University (Assiut), Egypt and Umm Alqura University, Saudi Arabia. Telephone: 00201006745633, Email: draatia@yahoo.com Citation: Alaa Moustafa Attia et al. (2017), Evaluation of Immediate Dental Implant Augmented with Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Coated by Polylactide - co-Glycolide Versus to Immediate Dental Implant Only. Int J Dent & Oral Heal. 3:4, 46-55. DOI: 10.25141/2471-657X-2017-4.0045 Copyright: ©2017 Alaa Moustafa Attia et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited ISSN 2471-657X 46 Received: April 4, 2017; Accepted: May 3, 2017; Published: May 28, 2017 Alaa Moustafa Attia1*, Fathey Abdel Aziem Abozaid 2 , Mohamed Fouad Edrees 3 , Ibrahim Hammad Ibrahim 4 1Assistant Professor of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral diagnosis and Dental Radiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine - Al-Azhar University (Assiut), Egypt and Umm Alqura Unveristy, Saudi Arabia. Email: draatia@yahoo.com 2 Assistant Professor of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral diagnosis and Dental Radiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine - Al-Azhar University (Assiut), Egypt. Email: drfathey@yahoo.com 3 Lecturer of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral diagnosis and Dental Radiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine - Al-Azhar University (Assiut), Egypt. Email: drm7fouad@gmail.com 4 Assistant Lecturer of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral diagnosis and Dental Radiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine - Al-Azhar University (Assiut), Egypt. Email: ibrahimhammad2017@yahoo.com Abstract Objectives: Numerous bone grafts have been studied for augmentation of the healing outcomes of dental implants. The aim of this study was designed to compare the clinical and radiographic evaluation between immediate dental implant augmented with biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) coated with polylactide -co- glycolide (PLGA) and immediate dental implant alone. Materials and Methods: Twenty adult male patients with endodontic failure, root fracture, decayed tooth, retained deciduous teeth and teeth with internal/external root resorption were selected and categorized into the followings; Group 1(G1); received immediate implant only and group 2 (G2); received immediate implants augmented with (BCP/PLGA). The patients were evaluated at baseline, 6 and 12 months, clinically; by using plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and Pocket depth (PD). In addition, radiographic evaluation of marginal bone level (MBL) and measurement of bone density (BD). Results: Clinical improvement of GI and PI were observed in both groups, the statistical analysis were non-signifcant in comparisons at different time intervals. PD was signifcantly reduced in G1at 6 months versus baseline and highly signifcant at 12 months compared to baseline, in G2 the comparisons at 6 and 12 months contrast to baseline was highly signifcant, and whereas the differences at 12 months were signifcant reduced in G2 than G1. Radiographically, MBL was showing highly statistical signifcant in comparing the baseline versus 12 months in both groups, but at the difference at 6 months compared to baseline was highly signifcant in G1, while insignifcant in G2. Moreover, there is no signifcant difference in G1 against G2 at 6 and 12 months. In addition, the bone density was showing highly statistical signifcant in comparing the baseline contrast to 6 and 12 months in both groups, and highly signifcant differ- ences were observed in G2 compared G1at 6, and 12 months. Conclusion: Immediate dental implant augmented with BCP/PLGA achieved signifcant improvements in clinical and radiographic outcomes rather than immediate dental implant only. Keywords: Immediate, Dental Implant , Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Introduction Immediate implant was defned as placement of the implant im- mediately into fresh extraction socket. To increase peri-implant bone healing and achieve an esthetic fnal outcome, the use of bar- rier membranes and/or different graft materials to fll in residual