Aceh Int. J. Sci. Technol., 10(2) 64-73 August, 2021 doi: 10.13170/aijst.10.2.19470 64 Space Adequacy Analysis Based on Population Pressure in National Park Area (Case Study: Putri Betung Sub District, Gayo Lues, Aceh Province) Munar Muhardian 1 , Abubakar Karim 2* , Muhammad Rusdi 2 1 Master Program in Land Resources Conservation, Postgraduate Program, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh Indonesia; 2 Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh Indonesia; *Corresponding author : karim.abubakar@unsyiah.ac.id Received : January 13, 2021 Accepted : June 3, 2021 Online : August 31, 2021 Abstract – The land requirement for Putri Betung Sub District in Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP) area kept increasing along with the population growth. The population density in the Putri Betung Sub-district was driven by the need for cultivation and residential area along the GLNP conservation boundary. This study aims to analyze the space adequacy for Putri Betung Sub-District in the GLNP area based on the population pressure prediction for 20 years. The research method was conducted by field survey using remote sensing, interviewed the residents, and analyzed the population pressure index using the Soemarwoto formula. The Population Pressure Index (PPI) for the cultivation area was determined from 13 villages in Putri Betung Subdistrict and shows that 12 villages had a PPI> 1 value (population pressure was over the land carrying capacity limits). Only one village had PPI <1 (population pressure less than the land carrying capacity. Based on data surveys obtained, the cultivation area set in the Putri Betung area was no longer sufficient for population, resulting from the expansion in the GLNP area of 4,776.97 ha. Meanwhile, predictive analysis on space adequacy for people living decently in Putri Betung Sub District for 20 upcoming years is 6117.15 ha. In conclusion, 12 out of 13 villages in the Putri Betung SubDistrict have PPI > 1 value, which is inversely proportional to the land carrying capacity. The PPI values could result in other pressures on the ecology and biodiversity conservation in National Park. It is suggested that the government need to surpass the pressure by making new policy on people’s resettlement, expanding the cultivation area, or shifting people's livelihoods. Keywords: Space adequacy, Leuser national park, population pressure index, land carrying capacity Introduction Population pressure is a move that encourages inhabitants, especially planter, to expand their cultivation land or to leave agricultural employment (Ruhimat, 2015). Population pressure is a symptom of overpopulation (Rusli, 2009). A study in Ethiopia National Park, Gambella showed that land use and cover changes were caused by the resettlement program, population growth, and agriculture farmland extension. It has caused varied and extensive environmental degradation to the national park ((Degife et al., 2018). The main drivers of increasing impacts on national parks were the increased human population density and improved access to parks from roads, rivers, and coastlines (Dwiyahreni et al., 2021). In 1981, Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP) held two statuses on a global scale, namely as a Biosphere Reservation which has three functions, namely (1) contributing to the conservation of landscapes, ecosystems, species, and germplasm, (2) fostering a sustainable economy, and ( 3) supporting logistics for monitoring research, education, and a Training area related to conservation and sustainable development issues. In 2004, GLNP was recognized as the world heritage ratified by more than 180 countries, including Indonesia, through Presidential Decree No. 29 of 1989. GLNP is also a natural laboratory consist of rich biodiversity as well as a vulnerable ecosystem. MacKinnon and MacKinnon (1986) state that Leuser Park gets the highest score for conservation contributions to conservation areas in the entire Indo Malaya region. GLNP provides water supply for 4 (four) million people living in Aceh Province and North Sumatra Province. Nearly 9 (nine) districts depend on GLNP's environmental services, namely the availability of