Novateur Publication, India Variety of Learning Resolutions in the Covid 19 novateurpublication.com 38 TRIPLE BURDEN OF MALNUTRITION IN ADOLESCENTS Iriyani K, SKM,M.GIZI FKM Universitas Mulawarman iriyani@fkm.unmul.ac.id Abstract Triple burden malnutrition (TBMN) is a global nutritional problem that is found around the world and is a health problem in every country. TBMN consists of overnutrition (overweight and obesity), underweight (stunting and wasting), and micronutrient deficiency. The prevalence of nutritional problems increases every year, especially over-nutrition problems in adolescents, namely overweight and obesity, besides there is an increase in malnutrition, wasting, and stunting. TBMB is caused by environmental factors, namely eating behavior, physical activity, and socioeconomic conditions. Therefore adolescents need to pay attention to a healthy lifestyle, namely diet, physical activity, and lifestyle to avoid nutrition and health problems, both over and undernutrition problems. Keywords: Overnutrisi, Undernutrisi, Adolescent 1. Introduction Triple burden malnutrition (TBMN) is a global nutritional problem that is found worldwide and is a public health problem in every country, which is increasing every year, especially in adolescents. TBMN includes overnutrition (overweight and obesity), underweight (stunting and wasting), and micronutrient deficiency [1], [2]. Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2018 shows that obesity, obesity, diabetes, and stroke have increased. Besides, the increase in malnutrition, wasting, and stunting is still high. The prevalence of nutritional problems around the world is increasing, especially nutritional problems, more than tripled since 1975, and 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults and 340 million children and adolescents aged 5-19 years are overweight and obese [3]. Riskesdas 2018 data shows that the prevalence of obesity and obesity is 16.0% of adolescents aged 13-15 years and 13.5% among adolescents aged 16-18 years. Meanwhile, the short and very short nutritional status indicates that 25.7% of adolescents are aged 13-15 years and 26.9% are adolescents aged 16-18 years. Besides, there were 8.7% of adolescents aged 13-15 years and 9.1% of adolescents aged 16-18 years with thin and very thin conditions [4]. Nutritional problems in adolescents are caused by various factors. Factors that contribute to nutritional problems include genetics, metabolism, and the environment. Environmental factors that affect nutritional problems such as eating behavior, physical activity, and socioeconomic conditions [5]. Overnutrition and undernutrition in children and adolescents greatly affect food quality and morbidity and excess energy intake [6]. Dietary intake is associated with obesity, obesity, and non- communicable diseases [7]. Metabolism in adolescents is related to diets, such as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome [8]. Nutrition is more of an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. High energy and protein intake will result in excess body weight [9], [10]. Carbohydrate intake can affect body weight only from simple carbohydrates. Fat intake above 30% tends to increase body weight resulting in overweight (overweight and obesity) [12]. The influence of modernization has brought a change in the diet from a traditional diet to a westernized diet, namely from home food to fast food such as; hot dogs, pizza, hamburgers, fried chicken, and french fries with high intake of energy, protein, fat, sugar, salt but low fiber content. So that it affects increasing body weight because of the unbalanced nutritional content. One in four adults who consume fast food are at risk of being overweight and obese [13]. Increased energy intake along with the passing of frequency snacking on cookies, chocolate candy, and foods associated with sweet taste is associated with overweight and obesity incidence [14]. Technological advances in transportation have stopped physical activities such as walking, cycling, and climbing stairs, resulting in motorized vehicles or cars. Several studies of 17 studies on physical activity found an interrelationship between physical activity and being overweight and of the 15 studies on behavior showed no evidence of a direct relationship with being overweight [15]. Based on the prevalence of nutritional problems which is increasing every year which will have an impact on degenerative diseases, anemia, growth, and development of adolescents.