East African Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Life Sciences Abbreviated Key Title: East African Scholars J Agri Life Sci ISSN 2617-4472 (Print) | ISSN 2617-7277 (Online) Published By East African Scholars Publisher, Kenya Volume-3 | Issue-2 | Feb-2020 | DOI: 10.36349/EASJALS.2020.v03i02.02 *Corresponding Author: Beidi Eugène Email: eugenebeidi[at]gmail.com 8 Research Article Impact of the Exploitation of Natural Resources on Vegetation Dynamics and Management of the Mountain Phytodiversity of the Kaélé District, Far-North Cameroon Beidi Eugène *1 , Souare Konsala 1 , Ibrahima Adamou 2 and Haiwa Gilbert 3 1 University of Maroua, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences BP 814 Maroua, Cameroon 2 University of Ngaoundere, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Sustainable Development BP 454 Ngaoundéré Cameroon 3 Process engineering Department, St. Jerome Catholic University Institute of Douala, PO Box 5949, Douala, Cameroon Article History Received: 09.01.2020 Accepted: 23.01.2020 Published: 15.02.2020 Journal homepage: https://www.easpublisher.com/easjals Quick Response Code Abstract: A survey was conducted in the localities of Lara, Boboyo and Midjivin, district of Kaele, Department of Mayo-Kani, Far North Region, to determine the impact of the exploitation of mountain resources on the dynamics of their vegetation and sustainable peasant management of the phytodiversity of these hills. Interviews were conducted with 600 people including farmers, forest and wildlife managers, and environment and nature protection officers. The software Statgraphic 5.0 plus and Xlstat pro were used. For processing and analysis of data and Multi Spectral Scanner (MSS), TM (Thematic Mapper) and TIS (Thermal Infrared Sensor) for the analysis of satellite images, the Excel spreadsheet was used to classify, calculate and plot the graphs. The interviews showed that the actors in the exploitation of mountain resources are people whose age is under 50 years old and who have a higher percentage (40%). Cutting firewood is the most represented activity with 38.5% in Lara, 35.5% in Midjivin and 33.5% in Boboyo. Timber (34.67%), fruit (15.50%) and gravel (13.50%) are the most exploited natural resources. For biodiversity management measures, 41.16% of the population advocates the use of natural resources. On the basis of sacred forests: 44% in Boboyo, 40% in Lara and 39.5% in Midjivin. Monitoring awareness of the population and sustainable exploitation of natural resources. Combretum collinum (80.82 ± 6.80), Terminalia sp. (73.59 ± 12.82), Anogeisus leiocarpus (59.79 ± 0.97), Combretum glutinosum (58.44 ± 2.10), Ficus abutifolia (42.60 ± 2.37). All these activities have a negative impact on the vegetation evolution of the different hills. The analysis of landsat satellite land-use images demonstrates and appropriately confirms the decline in vegetation cover over the years. The wooded savanna increases from 232,025 ha in 1988 to 232.025 ha in 2003 and to 170.4 ha in 2018 on Lara hill; from 101.33 ha in 1988 to 59.50 ha in 2003 and 25.44 ha in 2018 on Boboyo Hill; the wooded savannah rose from 210.00 ha in 1988 to 148.61 ha in 2003 and 125.17 ha in 2018 on the hill of Midjivin. Keywords: Sustainable Management, Biodiversity, Lara, Boboyo, Midjivin. Copyright @ 2020: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non commercial use (NonCommercial, or CC-BY-NC) provided the original author and source are credited. INTRODUCTION Sustainable management of natural resources is a global concern. Natural resources are under abusive and destructive human pressures. In many countries, deforestation affects ecosystems, degrades water resources and agricultural land. This compromises food security and worsens community poverty (CBD, 2000). Every year, we observe more than 50 to 100 times the extinction rate of species in the world that is higher than the natural extinction rate (CBD, 2000; GIZ, 2008). The Convention on Biological Diversity estimated in 2000 that 54,000 plant species and 5,200 animal species were facing extinction, mainly because of human activity (CBD, 2000). The Sahelian ecosystems for them suffer a very strong degradation due to the precarious climate and the strong anthropization (Tchobsala, 2011). Mountains and hills (mountain ecosystems) are an important reservoir of water, energy and biodiversity. In addition, they contain essential resources such as minerals, forestry and agricultural products, and recreational services. As large ecosystems within the complex ecology of our planet, they are essential to the survival of the global ecosystem. However, mountain ecosystems are changing rapidly.