International Surgery Journal | June 2017 | Vol 4 | Issue 6 Page 1903
International Surgery Journal
Gautham G et al. Int Surg J. 2017 Jun;4(6):1903-1907
http://www.ijsurgery.com
pISSN 2349-3305 | eISSN 2349-2902
Original Research Article
Effects of capnoperitoneum for laparoscopy on liver, renal and
pulmonary functions: a prospective observational study
Gautham G.
1
, Chetan Anand
1
*, Manoj Karthik S.
1
, Pajanivel R.
2
INTRODUCTION
Modern surgery has evolved to be technically
sophisticated and complex. This holds good particularly
for minimal invasive surgery, wherein laparoscopy
replaces laparotomy as the method of exposure for
abdominal surgery in a majority of cases. Laparoscopy
surgery has been performed for more than a century;
despite this it was restricted mainly to diagnostic
purposes.
1
Recent developments in instrumental design
and methods of visualization, have contributed to further
implementation of laparoscopic techniques.
2
It has
enumerable advantages like shorter hospital stays, limited
postoperative pain, rapid recovery, reduction in
complications, and reduced loss of working days.
3,4
Pneumoperitoneum is a crucial factor in laparoscopy.
Insufflation with it helps to maximize the working space
in a limited contained cavity. Method of insufflation is
usually intra-peritoneal, wherein the abdominal wall gets
elevated and the viscera gets suppressed. Carbon dioxide
(CO2) is the preferred gas for establishing a
ABSTRACT
Background: Laparoscopy is the mainstay of surgical intervention in today’s era. Carbondioxide is an ideal
insufflation gas, for creating pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic surgeries. Although capnoperitoneum has been
established as safe gas, our study was carried out to assess any clinical or subclinical changes produced by
capnoperitoneum in a semiurban setting thereby creating awareness among our suburban population and also to add to
the existing research data.
Methods: We studied 60 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgeries in various surgical disciplines at our
institution between October 2014 and August 2016 and fulfilling the inclusion criteria. The pre-operative and post-
operative values of liver, renal and pulmonary functions were collected. These parameters were assessed using paired
t test. Patient’s with preexisting diseases of these systems were excluded from the study.
Results: Of the 60 patients assessed, there was a change in the values of the pre and postoperative values of the liver,
renal and the pulmonary function tests, but these changes were insignificant as assessed by the paired t test. The
demographic data was representation of the population who took part in the study.
Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgeries using capnoperitoneum produce a transient change in the parameters of the
liver, renal and pulmonary functions. However, these insignificant changes also were evidenced to fall back to normal
range within short interval of time. Thus, it can be concluded that capnoperitoneum does not produce any clinical or
sub-clinical changes, and is considered safe, in patients with normal organ functions.
Keywords: Capnoperitoneum, Liver function, Laparoscopic surgery, Pulmonary function, Renal function
1
Department of General Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute (MGMC and RI),
Puducherry, India
2
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute (MGMC and RI),
Puducherry, India
Received: 20 April 2017
Accepted: 24 April 2017
*Correspondence:
Dr. Chetan Anand,
E-mail: chetdoc20@yahoo.co.in
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20172018