International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences. Vol., 3 (5), 961-967, 2012
Available online at http:// www. irjabs.com
ISSN 2251-838X ©2012
Effect of biological phosphorus and Irrigation disruption on biomass,
seed yield and protein content of canola (Brassica napus L.)
Shafie Modarres Motlagh
1
, Alireza Pirzad
2*
and Babak Delkhosh
3
1- Student of Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad
University, Tehran, Iran.
2- Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia
University, Urmia-Iran.
3- Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Science and Research Brach, Islamic
Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
*Corresponding Author Email: alirezapirzad@yahoo.com
Abstract
Results of evaluation of irrigation (irrigation disruption at beginning of flowering, end of
flowering, grain filling and control) and biological phosphorus (0, 50, 100 and 150 g/ha)
on the yield of Brassica napus L. cv. “Hyola 401”, a split plot experiment was carried out
based on randomized complete block design with four replications at the research farm
of Shahid Beheshti Agriculture College (latitude 38° 51' N and longitude 41° 44' E and
1313 m above sea level) in 2010. Results of ANOVA showed the significant effect of
irrigation disruption on 1000 seed weight, and significant interaction effect between
irrigation disruptions and phosphorus on seed yield, biomass, protein content, protein
yield and Harvest Index (HI) of protein. Means comparisons indicated that the maximum
(4.55 g) and minimum (3.25 g) 1000 seed weight belonged to irrigation disruption at the
beginning of flowering with 150 and 50 g/ha of biological phosphorus application,
respectively. The highest yield of seed (777.58 kg/ha) and protein (189.3 kg/ha), and
harvest index of protein (0.52 %) were obtained from irrigation disruption at the end of
flowering and 50 g/ha biological phosphorus, and the lowest seed yield (120.87 kg/ha),
protein yield (28.58 kg/ha) and harvest index of protein (0.14 %) were obtained from
irrigation disruption at the beginning of flowering and without phosphorus. The highest
percent of protein (28.26 %) was obtained from irrigation disruption at beginning of
flowering without phosphorus and the lowest percent (20.65 %) was obtained at no
disruption stage with 150 g/ha phosphorus. Means comparisons showed that the highest
biomass (4.007 kg/ha) belonged to normal irrigation with 50 g/ha phosphorus
application. The lowest biomass (3.83 kg/ha) belonged to no phosphorus treatment and
irrigation disruption at the beginning of flowering stage.
Keywords: Biomass, Brassica napus, Irrigation, phosphorus, seed yield, protein
Introduction
Canola is the third most important source of plant oil in the world after soybean and palm oil (Sovero,
1997). It is also an excellent rotation crop to control cereal diseases, pests and weeds (Grombacher and
Nelson, 1996). The name ‘canola’ actually stands for ‘Canadian oil, low acid’. Canola’s low erucic acid
content differentiates it from rapeseed (Brassica napus) and is sometimes referred to as LEAR or ‘low erucic
acid rapeseed’. Canola seed contains about 40% oil and increasing its production in the southern U.S. is of
interest for biofuel production (Slaton et al., 2008).
Water is becoming scarce not only in arid and drought prone areas but also in regions where rainfall
is abundant (Malano and Burton, 2001). The reaction of plants to water stress differ significantly, at various
organizational levels, depending upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage
of development (Chaves et al., 2003). Henry and McDonald (1978) reported severe drought decreased oil