(IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 10, No. 6, 2019 496 | Page www.ijacsa.thesai.org Comparative Study of Methods that Detect Levels of Lead and its Consequent Toxicity in the Blood Kevin J. Rodriguez 1 , Alicia Alva 2 , Virginia T. Santos 3 , Avid Roman-Gonzalez 4 Image Processing Research Laboratory (INTI-Lab) 1, 2, 4 Interdisciplinary Research Center Science and Society (CIICS) 3 Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Lima, Perú 1, 2, 3, 4 Abstract—The present work is the study of the different methods used to determine the toxicity produced by the presence of a contaminating metal in the blood. Mainly, the presence of lead in the blood was taken as a reference to focus the work, knowing that metals like Cadmium (Cd) and Mercury (Hg) are also toxic to health and the environment. Although the information is extensive on the methods to be studied and in some cases it is not detailed to define each process, a comparative study of the most relevant and currently used methods can be carried out, taking into account that the choice will be defined according to the main characteristics of each one. Although all agree to be electrochemical processes, there are details to know which method to choose, either by sensitivity, economic or even structural factors, such as having a laboratory for its development. Environmental pollution with toxic elements is very harmful to health, even in small quantities can be very dangerous. These can be present in rivers, soil and even in the air, and these spaces are more than enough to contaminate the human being since these particles adhere in both cases for many years. It is a problem until today and therein lies the importance of the study. Keywords—Blood lead; toxicity; voltammetry; absorption spectroscopy; healthcare I. INTRODUCTION According to the World Health Organization (WHO), lead is included in the list of 10 chemicals that cause serious public health problems, so that the intervention of the Member States is necessary to safeguard the health of workers, children and women of childbearing age. The Institute of Health and Sanitary Evaluation has estimated that, according to the data updated in 2015, exposure to lead was responsible for 494,550 deaths [1] and became the loss of 9.3 million Disability- adjusted life year (DALY), which is understood as a measure of the global disease. The exposure to lead according to the data was responsible for 12.4% of the global burden of intellectual disability, 2.5% of the overall burden of the quality of ischemic heart disease (is the disease caused by arteriosclerosis of the coronary arteries, which are responsible for supplying blood to the heart muscle), and the last 2.4% of the global burden of stroke. In Peru, there are high levels of lead toxicity in some districts of the capital where industrial areas cause greater health effects. Among the materials produced by these factories are chemical products in general, metal handling, grinding of non-metallic industrial metals, recovery of lead and alloys, which are the main responsible for the environmental impact that have been increasing in recent decades. International standards admit a maximum level of     [2], a higher value than this will be a problem to attack. The danger of a toxic element in the blood, being able to detect and, above all, provide a follow-up, is an objective for the future and an analytical method so that the amount of lead that many people's body goes through can be identified and taken into account. They had an experience, but not only for the human being, but for all the species within the habitable ecosystem in which we live. This neurotoxin has a direct relationship with health problems [3], such as learning deficit, reduction of intellectual abilities, damage to the central nervous system, muscle pain, weakening of the bones and, in general, the damage to the immune system and the central nervous system. The high exposure to Pb in pregnant women can cause premature abortions, with an intoxication higher than 10dl / mg, the probability of decreasing fertility increases. Analogously, in men it can cause discomfort in the reproductive organ. One of the damages [4] that can cause in the man is the reduction of the spermatozoa and the decrease of the fertility. Recent studies in children from 1 to 13 years old developed between March and April 2017 [2] in the district of Callao-Lima resulted in a high proportion of children contaminated with lead. This was because of the construction material of their homes, the consumption of food, toys, state of conservation of the house paint and many other forms that seem to be harmless but they are not. There are several methods of analysis, each of them, the problem and the interest in the evidence. Our interest is, in effect, an economical and practical method for the measurement of this toxic element. The objective of the study is the meaning of the construction of each method and help you to select the most appropriate procedure to achieve a specific objective, since we all have the characteristic of having electronic, physical and chemical engineering as elements of studies and we do it. There is no doubt that with the use of current technology it will be possible to create new and better methods of analysis; although it is difficult to find the description.