Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research, 2020, 8, 14-29
https://www.scirp.org/journal/jbcpr
ISSN Online: 2328-4897
ISSN Print: 2328-4889
DOI: 10.4236/jbcprt.2020.81002 Jan. 10, 2020 14 Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research
An Exploratory Study into Social Cost
Considerations in Ghanaian Construction
Industry
James Cofie Danku
*
, Theophilus Adjei-Kumi, Bernard Kofi Baiden, Kofi Agyekum
Department of Construction Technology and Management, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi,
Ghana, West Africa
Abstract
Construction causative nuisances, inconveniences, interferences and disruptions
to the routine economic and social life patterns of adjacent or neighboring
communities are referred to as social cost. This study explores the
understanding and level of consideration of social cost by construction
professionals in Ghana. Relevant literature sources are reviewed to define,
rationalize and classify social cost. The study used the survey approach with a
set of questionnaires addressed to construction contractors and professionals
to gather the data. It was realized that not much consideration is given to
social cost at the tender stage of the construction process. The five factors
hindering social cost inclusion in tendering are “difficulty in allocating social
costs”, “governmental interferences”, “lack of historical data”, “lack of
appreciation of social costs” and “low stakeholder agitation”. The paper
advocated for integration of social cost into the tendering process. The study
will serve as a foundation to design a social cost assessment system at the
pre-contract stage.
Keywords
Social Cost, Construction Industry, Construction Professionals, Community,
Ghana
1. Introduction
The construction industry is pivotal for the socio-economic development of a
country. Its diverse products are located in urban as well as rural areas. They
include factories and houses; schools, offices and hospitals; social and sports
How to cite this paper: Danku, J.C.,
Adjei-Kumi, T., Baiden, B.K. and
Agyekum, K. (2020) An Exploratory Study
into Social Cost Considerations in
Ghanaian Construction Industry. Journal
of Building Construction and Planning
Research, 8, 14-29.
https://doi.org/10.4236/jbcprt.2020.81002
Received: November 30, 2019
Accepted: January 7, 2020
Published: January 10, 2020
Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access