Journal of Kerbala University , Vol. 12 No.1 Scientific . 2014 WATER VAPOR EFFECT ON 3-5 μm Band THERMAL IMAGING IN KARBALA CITY ) ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺼﻮﯾﺮ اﻟﺤﺮاري ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺪى3 - 5 ﻓﻲ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ( ﻣﺎﯾﻜﺮوﻣﺘﺮ ﻛﺮﺑﻼء اﻟﻤﻘﺪﺳﺔ FADHIL K. FULIFUL Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Karbala E-mail: Fadhil.Khaddam@yahoo.com 1-Abstract This paper analyzes the effect of water vapor on the accuracy of thermal images in blessed Karbala city. The distribution of water in the atmosphere varies strongly with time, location and height, which makes it difficult to model. The amounts of water vapor which are used in this research depending on the experimental data from Iraq Meteorological Organization and Seismology. The IR transmission is considered a very important parameter that has to be taken in account in thermal imaging. FORTRAN Program of an empirical expression for atmospheric attenuation as a function of wavelength and visible range in case of dust is used in this work .The IR transmissions at different extents(100,200,300,400,500,600,700,800,900m) and different concentrations of water vapor (59.1, 97 .4,167, 222.7, 310.7, 395.4, 432.9, 388.7, 300.2 mm at months JAN., FEB., MAR., APR.,MAY., JUN., JUL., AUG., SEP., respectively for 2013 year) on 3-5 μm bands are calculated .The results show that at high concentration of water vapor and long distance the thermal images vanish, also at low concentration and long distance the image does not recognized. Key words: thermal imaging, IR Bands, IR transmissions, Atmosphere Attenuation. اﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ: ﯾﺤﻠﻞ ھﺬا اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ دﻗﺔ اﻟﺼﻮر اﻟﺤﺮارﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻛﺮﺑﻼء اﻟﻤﻘﺪﺳﺔ ,ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ اﻟﻤﺎء ﻓﻲ اﻟﻐﻼف اﻟﺠﻮي ﯾﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻘﻮة ﻣﻊ اﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ واﻻرﺗﻔﺎع وﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻧﺠﺪ ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﺎى ﻧﻤﻮذج ﻟﻠﺘﻮزﯾﻊ.ﻛﻤﯿﺔ ﺑﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء اﻟﺘﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻟﺪى اﻟﮭﯿﺌﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﻮاء اﻟﺠﻮﯾﺔ واﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﯿﺔ. اﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ ﻓﻲ ھﺬا اﻟﺒﺤﺚ اﻋﺘﻤﺪت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺔ ﻧﻔﺎذﯾﺔ اﻻﺷﻌﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺤﻤﺮاء ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﮭﻢ ﺟﺪا ﯾﺠﺐ ان ﯾﺆﺧﺬ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺴﺒﺎن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﺤﺮاري .اﺳﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻓﻮرﺗﺮان ﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺷﺒﮫ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻮھﯿﻦ اﻟﺠﻮي ﻛﺪاﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﻮل اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻲ وﻣﺪى اﻟﺮؤﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻐﺒﺎر.ﺗﻢ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻧﻔﺎذﯾﺔ اﻻﺷﻌﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺤﻤﺮاء ﻟﻤﺪﯾﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ) m 100,200,300,400,500,600,700,800,900 ( ﺗﺤﺖ) ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﺮاﻛﯿﺰ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء59.1, 97.4, 167, 222.7, 310.7, 395.4, 432.9, 388.7, 300.2 mm) ﻟﻼﺷﮭﺮ ﻛﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ,ﺷﺒﺎط ,اذار,ﻧﯿﺴﺎن ,ﻣﺎﯾﺲ,ﺣﺰﯾﺮان,ﺗﻤﻮز,اب ,اﯾﻠﻮل ﻋﺎى اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﺎم2013 وﻟﻠﺤﺰم( 3 - 5 ﻣﺎﯾﻜﺮوﻣﺘﺮ.ﺑﯿﻨﺖ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻛﯿﺰ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﯿﺔ واﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﻄﻮﯾﻠﺔ ﺗﺘﻼﺷﻰ اﻟﺼﻮرة اﻟﺤﺮارﯾﺔ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻋ ﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﺮاﻛﯿﺰ اﻟﻘﻠﯿﻠﺔ واﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﻄﻮﯾﻠﺔ ﻻﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻤﯿﺰ اﻟﺼﻮرة . 2-Introduction Infrared light falls between the visible and microwave parts of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths of 2-15 μm , so is not visible to the human eye. Any object with a temperature higher than absolute zero radiate energy as electromagnetic waves [1]. Most emissive power falls within the IR part of the electromagnetic spectrum, as the temperature increases, the amount of energy emitted at any wavelength increases too, and the wavelength of peak emission decreases or shifting towards the shorter wavelength region a according to spectral distribution of energy in thermal radiation . To read correct temperatures, one important thing needs to be taken into account, and that is a factor known as emissivity. Emissivity is the efficiency with which an object emits infrared radiation. Thermal imaging devices make an image of the thermal patterns and 184