I.J. Biotech. 58 Darmawati et al Chemosystematic of Enterobacteriaceae Familia Obtained from Blood Cultures Based on Total Protein Profiles Sri Darmawati 1* , Langkah Sembiring 2 , Widya Asmara 3 , Wayan T. Artama 4 , and Syaiful Anwar 5 1 Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Nursing and Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia 2 Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 3 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 4 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 5 Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the chemosystematic of 14 strains of bacteria in blood cultures from Semarang using 1 reference strain S. typhi NCTC 786, based on the total protein profiles with the similarity relationship analysis based on Simple Matching Coefficient (S SM ) analysis and algorithm method of unweighted pair group with averages (UPGMA) presented in a dendrogram. The results showed that the chemosystematic based on the total protein profiles using SDS-PAGE method can classify the member of bacterial strains of each species. The Clusters respectively consist of 4 strains of S. typhi (similarity: 89.7%), 2 strains of Ser. marcescens (similarity: 89.7%), two strains of E. coli, and one strain of Salmonella ssp, S. typhi NCTC 786 (similarity: 100%). Those three incorporated clusters had the similarity value of 75.3%. Those four strains of Ent. cloacae composed in one cluster (similarity: 100%) are incorporated in a cluster consisting of one strain of Kleb. pneumoniae (similarity: 92.9%). Both clusters were incorporated in a cluster consisting of S. typhi NCTC 786 (similarity: 67.9%). Key words: Enterobacteriaceae, chemosystematic, blood cultures, protein profile *Corresponding author : Sri Darmawati Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing and Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang. Jl.Kedungmundu Raya No.18. Semarang. Phone: 08122503552, E-mail: ciciekdarma@yahoo. com, Introduction In Semarang, typhoid fever is determined as the third of 10 major diseases after Dengue Fever, diarrhea, and gastroenteritis (Anonymous, 2008). Typhoid fever is a systemic infectious disease caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria (S. typhi), with no specific clinical symptoms, thus the gold standard diagnosis of this disease should be conducted in laboratory tests (Koharo et al., 2010; Ley et al., 2010; Fadeel et al., 2011). Widal test is considered as the simplest, easiest, cheapest and fastest laboratory test. However, its sensitivity, specificity and prediction value are varies because anti-O and anti-H can be found in patients infected by the member of Enterobacteriaceae familia species beside S. typhi (Novianti, 2006; Beig et al., 2010). The finding of S. typhi in blood cultures or in bone marrow is the gold standard of typhoid fever (Khoharo et al., 2010; Ley et al., 2010). Blood culture success rate varies from 40% to 89% compared to S. typhi isolation success rate. The success of obtaining S. typhi isolates from positive Widal blood cultures was 10.74% (Amarantini et al.2009). These showed that there are other bacteria types beside S. typhi Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology, June, 2013 Vol. 18, No. 1, pp.58-63