International Surgery Journal | February 2021 | Vol 8 | Issue 2 Page 773
International Surgery Journal
Manangi M et al. Int Surg J. 2021 Feb;8(2):773-775
http://www.ijsurgery.com
pISSN 2349-3305 | eISSN 2349-2902
Commentary
Controlled traction-a key for safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Mallikarjuna Manangi
1
, Dharini Dharini
2
, Tanvi Sunil Kumar
1
, Ramya M. Vishweshwara
1
*
INTRODUCTION
Semm, in 1980, performed the first successful
laparoscopic surgery to perform an appendicectomy.
1
In
1985, Eric Muhe performed the first laparoscopic
cholecystectomy.
2
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is one
of the surgeries which propelled the laparoscopic era into
the highly evolved field that it is now. In 1992, the
national institute of health declared that the gold standard
for treatment of symptomatic cholelithiasis is
laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
3
The laparoscopic cholecystectomy technique has seen
numerous changes over the decades. Each surgeon titrates
the surgical technique to suit personal preference.
One of the troublesome steps of laparoscopic
cholecystectomy is dissection of the gall bladder from the
liver bed. We describe a unique method which is easy to
perform at the same time gives excellent exposure.
STANDARD PROCEDURE
The patient is placed supine on the operating table with
the surgeon standing at the patient’s left side. The
pneumoperitoneum is created with carbon dioxide gas,
either with an open technique or by closed needle
technique. The laparoscope with the attached video
camera is passed through the umbilical port and the
abdomen inspected. Three additional ports are placed
under direct vision. A 10-mm port is placed in the
epigastrium, a 5-mm port in the middle of the clavicular
line, and a 5-mm port in the right flank, in line with the
gallbladder fundus. Through the lateral-most port, a
grasper is used to grasp the gallbladder fundus. It is
retracted over the liver edge upward and towards the
patient’s right shoulder to expose the proximal
gallbladder and the hilar area. Exposure of the hilar area
may be facilitated by placing the patient in reverse
Trendelenburg position with slight tilting of the table to
bring the right side up. Through the midclavicular port a
second grasper is used to grasp the gallbladder
infundibulum and retract it laterally to expose the triangle
of Calot. Most of the dissection is carried out through the
ABSTRACT
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is one of the most common laparoscopic procedures performed. The technique of
LC has witnessed numerous modifications according to surgeon’s preferences to improve the ergonomics, surgical
ease, safety and outcome. Dissection of the gall bladder from the liver bed is one of the troublesome steps. We aim to
describe a unique method which is technically easy to perform and provides excellent exposure as well. A total of 206
patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at our Institute over a year from January 2017 to 2018. The
technique of torquing the gallbladder to dissect it off its bed is surgeon friendly with advantages of instrumentation
and visualization.
Keywords: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Technique, Dissection from liver bed, Safe Cholecystectomy
1
Department of General Surgery, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
2
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vardhaman Mahaveer Medical College, New Delhi, India
Received: 08 November 2020
Revised: 12 January 2021
Accepted: 15 January 2021
*Correspondence:
Dr. Ramya M. Vishweshwara,
E-mail: romidocmpl@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20210404