Autonomous Semantic Structuring of Lecture Topics
Synthesis of Knowledge Models
Robin Nicolay, Nikolaj Troels Graf von Malotky, Tanja Auge and Alke Martens
University of Rostock, Institute of Computer Science, Chair of Practical Informatics, 18051 Rostock, Germany
robin.nicolay@uni-rostock.de, nikolaj.graf von malotky@uni-rostock.de
Keywords: Latent Dirichlet Allocation, Topic Models, Mental Models, Knowlege Management, Force-directed Algo-
rithms.
Abstract: Students attending lectures in universities suffer from a weak structural awareness on lecture content. Ac-
cording to learning theories, structural awareness is a relevant factor to association and comprehension of new
learning inputs. We synthesize semantic structures from non annotated lecture slides using Topic Modeling
algorithms to identify relevant terms and relate them in force-directed graphs. The synthesized graphs provide
a structural overview on the topic distribution and relations of non annotated sequential lecture slides.
1 INTRODUCTION
University teachers, aka lecturers, use lectures to
teach facts and concepts to students. From the per-
spective of the teacher, in the preparation phase the
relevant information of a lecture is analyzed, reduced
and sequenced into learning units and taught in a way
that is comparable to leading a path through a con-
strained area of knowledge. During a study a stu-
dent learns from many different lectures or knowledge
units. Some of these units reference each other, some
are partially overlapping or describe common topics
from different perspectives. An ideal situation would
be given, if the students identifies and understands the
key concepts plus their relations and their hierarchy
or topology. However, reality often leads to different
situations: Even if the teacher usually is preparing a
lecture via sequencing the important facts of an over-
all topic in a logical order, in quite a lot cases, lec-
tures are evolutionary grown over time. This results
in a situation, where the key concepts of a lecture are
somewhat hidden in the text. From the perspective
of the teacher, this is not so bad, as the overall pic-
ture shall not be influenced. However, in exams, we
were able to observe that students often miss impor-
tant items or misinterpret items. The situation grows
even worse, when students were asked to detect rela-
tions between different topics, i.e. different lectures
in different semesters. This seems to be a cognitive
step which is not directly supported in current lecture
formats. On the teacher’s side, an interconnection of
the topics or areas of study is seldom taking place.
This results in a situation where students are usually
missing the overall picture.
To develop a solution, i.e. to develop support
mechanisms and tools to support the student’s knowl-
edge construction in lectures, we have to take a look
at learning psychology. Learning theories such as
cognitivism describe the inner effects of processing
lecture information inputs by using cognitive models
(lernpsychologie.net, 2016). To understand, how pro-
cesses of knowledge construction could potentially
take place, we made several investigations together
with our students.
Our work started a while ago, when we developed
a tool for extracting knowledge from lectures with the
goal to support student’s annotation of lectures and
for giving support for learning (Nicolay et al., 2015).
To support our claim that understanding of the main
concepts and their interrelation is the key to under-
standing the lecture in a first step and to understand-
ing the overall picture in a study direction as a sec-
ond step, we investigated student’s intuitive method
of knowledge construction.
Our main study took place last semester, where
we made a structured investigation with a first grade
master course with 20 students from different depart-
ments. They were organized in teams of two to four
(mixed male and female). They got a free choice of
material (either digital or not), and free choice of most
important topics. Their task was to identify areas of
knowledge and relations in self designed knowledge
Nicolay, R., Malotky, N., Auge, T. and Martens, A.
Autonomous Semantic Structuring of Lecture Topics - Synthesis of Knowledge Models.
DOI: 10.5220/0006367903490355
In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Supported Education (CSEDU 2017) - Volume 2, pages 349-355
ISBN: 978-989-758-240-0
Copyright © 2017 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
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