Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Introduction Handwriting is a unique & individual style of person’s neuromuscular activity where the hand moves on a surface with any writing instrument, what appears is an impersonal and formalized writing style. Cursive handwriting has been reported as the prominent style of writing, but imitating print letter shapes or using capital letters are more prevalent among children. The manner of writing is individual and characteristic to every writer. The style of handwriting varies among every individual and the style of handwriting is unique and has its own personalized touch. Handwriting is a movement habit that is very strong and individual. Brien, 1 stated that it is a mixture of what we have been taught and our personality. Hilton 2 has reported that handwritings fall into two general groups; class and individual characteristics. Class characteristics are actually common characteristics such as basic type of handwriting, slope of writing, line position and word spacing and suggested that handwriting show variation resulting from such infuences. The frst published article on possibility of handwriting similarities within genetic relationships was on December 2, 1911 in the issue of Scientifc American that reports an article by R. H. Chandler. Earlier in an issue of Knowledge, it was published describing Family Likenesses in Handwriting. The article illustrated cases which have some general similarity between genetically related family members, but the similarity is not so great that current and competent examiners would be easily deceived. Comments on this topic by other authors are rare, however. Even Osborn omitted it. Hedrick 3 quoted that Munch reported the case about similarity in the writings of a mother and daughter. The questioned material was limited to three sets of initials. Since there were disparities between the questioned and admitted writings they were not considered consistent and they could not have been attributed to natural variations, if the examination and study was not fastidious. Muehlberger et al., 4 suggested that there is a lack of statistical data or any database concerning the specifc handwriting characteristics and the occurrence frequency of combinations of particular handwriting characteristics, the identifcation of handwriting and the examination of questioned document becomes a more diffcult task. The forensic document examiners tend to assign the probative values to specifc handwriting characteristics and their combinations while the judgments are often based almost entirely on their experience and power recall. Handwriting identifcation is a scientifc pursuit, statistical data concerning common handwritings characteristics among family members seems to offer assistance to document examiner to establish a link between writing and writer especially in cases pertaining to family dispute or in cases of anonymous letters. Methodology Collection of samples Handwriting Samples were collected from a 500 family of four members; (viz Father, Mother offspring); for the purpose of study of effect on handwriting of persons related genetically. The samples were collected randomly in accordance with the principle that if samples are taken randomly it ensures an approximate equal participation of each and every member of a civilization. The sample was obtained by contacting the persons in personnel and a repetitive statement was made them to write without telling them the real purpose. The writer was provided with Photocopier, 70 GSM and 210mm x 297mm paper with control text typed on it along with a format to fll in the writer information. This method was applied to ensure that writing sample obtained remains unaffected from any kind of psychological and sociological effect. Samples of their original writing were also collected from them as their admitted handwriting. Computational analysis Data acquisition Handwriting samples collected were scanned and saved as image fles for the purpose of computational analysis. Letter combinations were determined and characteristic for each letter combinations were examined. In the next step snippets of letter combination images were extracted. Image pre processing In this step the scanned images of the handwriting samples are digitally uniformed by equalizing histogram and reducing various Forensic Res Criminol Int J. 2018;6(6):454‒458. 454 ©2018 Saran et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially. MatLab based GUI tool to establish relationship among handwriting of family members: a computational study Volume 6 Issue 6 - 2018 Vaibhav saran, 1 Gupta AK, 2 Sayeed Ahmed 3 1,2 Department of Forensic Science, SHUATS, Allahabad, India 3 Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Bhopal, India Correspondence: Vaibhav saran, Department of Forensic Science, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, India, Email Received: March 09, 2018 | Published: December 03, 2018 Abstract In this research paper an attempt has been made to analyze the similarity in handwriting of closed genotypic family members statistically. Handwriting specimens were taken from 500 different families having four members (Parents and Offspring) who have suffcient writing experience and were examined macroscopically as well as computationally and classifed into class characteristic and individual characteristic of letters and bigram “th”. A statistical technique Pearson Chi-squared (χ2) test was performed to determine the relationship between Parents handwriting traits combination with the normal habits of offspring handwriting. The study showed that handwriting among genetically related family members has strong resemblances in their general characteristics. However the writing of every individual is same but a strong family likeness can be established. Keywords: familial likeness, inherited handwriting, genetic similarities Forensic Research & Criminology International Journal Research Article Open Access