The Relationships among Socio-demographic Characteristics, Structural Empowerment, and Job Satisfaction of Community Health Volunteers in Indonesia I Gusti Ngurah Made Kusuma Negara 1 , Anchaleeporn Amatayakul 2 , Monthana Hemchayat 3 1 Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. Email: koestik75@yahoo.co.id 2 Boromarajonani College of Nursing Nopparat Vajira, Bangkok 10230, Thailand Email: uxv3sann@gmail.com 3 Boromarajonani College of Nursing Nopparat Vajira, Bangkok 10230, Thailand Email: mon550@hotmail.com Abstract—Among different kinds of community resources, human resources are the most essential for the process of developing healthy communities. One of them is community health volunteers. However, it is not easy to keep voluntary workers as part of health programs even though they have been trained. A descriptive correlation study design was used to examine the relationships among socio-demographic characteristics, structural empowerment, and job satisfaction of community health volunteers. A total of 341 of community health volunteers participated in this study. The results showed that some of socio-demographic characteristics of community health volunteers including age, years of experience and training experience were significantly related to job satisfaction. However, the marital status, level of education and occupation of respondents were not significantly associated with job satisfaction. Structural empowerment was significantly associated with job satisfaction of community health volunteers. The study concludes that community health volunteers who had a chance to improve structural empowerment was more likely to have higher level of job satisfaction Keywords—structural empowerment;job satisfaction; community health volunteers I. INTRODUCTION Enabling empowerment and community participation are parts of the subsystems of the national health system in Indonesia. The policy is one of the Indonesian Government's efforts to increase awareness, willingness, and ability for society to live with optimal health. It also aims to extend the reach and improve the quality of basic health services, especially for mothers and children. One of the activities to expand the reach and improve the quality of health care is through an integrated health services post [1]. An integrated health service post (Posyandu) in Indonesia is a form of community based health resource managed and organized by, for, and with communities in health development organizations, to empower the community and make it easier for people to obtain basic health services and to accelerate the decline in maternal and infant mortality [1]. The integrated health service post is expected to be developed on the awareness and efforts to the community, or with the social participation of each community in the village. Presently, the existence of integrated health service post is still very much needed in health promotion and prevention to the community particularly in rural areas. Although the role and utilization of the integrated health services posts are fairly good, but there are still many obstacles encountered in its implementation. The integrated health service post was considered not effective because the ability of community health volunteers was still low [2], community health volunteers were less active and less motivated [3], and along with less funding and infrastructure [4]. One of the efforts undertaken by the Government of Indonesia is to increase the role of integrated health service post and motivation of community health volunteers through integrated health service post revitalization and empowerment of community health volunteers [1]. Empowerment is the idea of the efforts to provide the community health volunteers with skills, resources, authority, and opportunity. II. METHODS A. Design and sample A descriptive correlation study design was used to examine the relationships among socio-demographic characteristics, structural empowerment, and job satisfaction of community health volunteers. A total of 341 of community health volunteers participated in this study. B. Instruments Data were collected by three questionnaires assessing socio-demographic data, structural empowerment, and job satisfaction. A demographic questionnaire was developed by the researcher. It was composed of questions assessing age, gender, educational level, marital status, occupation, years of experience as community health volunteers, and participation in training. The Conditions for Working Effectiveness Questionnaire II (CWEQ-II) was used to measure structural 20