smart cities Article Smart Facility Management: Future Healthcare Organization through Indoor Positioning Systems in the Light of Enterprise BIM Tor Åsmund Evjen 1 , Seyed Reza Hosseini Raviz 2, *, Sobah Abbas Petersen 2 and John Krogstie 2 1 St. Olavs Hospital, Abels gate 5 St. Olavs Eiendom, 7034 Trondheim, Norway; Tor.Asmund.Evjen@stolav.no 2 Department of Computer Science, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; sobah.a.petersen@ntnu.no (S.A.P.); john.krogstie@ntnu.no (J.K.) * Correspondence: seyed.r.h.raviz@ntnu.no Received: 19 June 2020; Accepted: 23 July 2020; Published: 1 August 2020   Abstract: Synthesizing the Internet of Things (IoT) with building information modeling (BIM) can improve the performance of the data collection. In this regard, BIM endeavors to enable real-time monitoring conditions of buildings. This paper is focused on the indoor positioning system (IPS) as a key enabling technology for IoT applications, which uses smart and non-smart mobile devices (object tags and beacons) with the aim of positioning and objects tracking that lead to a smart approach in the field of facility management (FM). Hence, we have surveyed the joint use of IPS and BIM in FM based on the concept of enterprise BIM (EBIM). EBIM forms the basis for the future strategic real estate management using virtual models and open standards. As a result, we gained the ability to collect positioning data continuously, save them in a BIM database, and present them on two-dimensional (2D) maps. This is a part of an ongoing study that aims to use data collection effectively for FM as an organizational function in large and complex buildings. Hence, for this purpose, we have considered St. Olavs Hospital, one of the biggest healthcare centers in Norway, as a case study. The effectiveness of data collection by IoT devices installed in buildings and how the combination of BIM and IoT technology can support a holistic view of the status of the buildings, which subsequently can enhance data usage efficiency and FM development, will be demonstrated. Keywords: Internet of Things (IoT); building information modeling (BIM); indoor positioning system (IPS); enterprise BIM (EBIM); facility management (FM) 1. Introduction According to the requirements, service expectations related to buildings are evolving over the course of time, while the equipment that are used for various purposes are subjected to aging and erosion. The main duty of smart buildings, compared to conventional buildings, is making enhancement and functional efficiency for its users and owners by using data and information communication technology. The development of smart buildings is tied to the advancement of smart technologies and this has brought many new phenomena into the construction industry that change ownership, user and management environments. Optimal and truly functional smart buildings incorporate engineering and non-technical aspects that should be taken into consideration throughout all life cycle phases. This needs the emergence of completely new expertise or the scaling up of existing proficiency, including facility management. Smart and functional facility management can contribute to cost savings and lead to easy resource utilization [1]. In this regard, Internet of Things (IoT) technology will change the way buildings are functioned and maintained. This gives rise to efficiencies and cost savings that Smart Cities 2020, 3, 793–805; doi:10.3390/smartcities3030040 www.mdpi.com/journal/smartcities