C. Stephanidis (Ed.): Universal Access in HCI, Part I, HCII 2009, LNCS 5614, pp. 353–360, 2009.
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009
Age Related Cognitive Impairments and Diffusion of
Assistive Web-Base Technologies
Senaka Fernando, Tony Elliman, Arthur Money, and Lorna Lines
The School of Information Systems, Computing and Mathematics, Brunel University,
Middlesex, UB8 3PH, UK
{senaka.fernando,tony.elliman,Arthur.money,
lorna.lines}@brunel.ac.uk
Abstract. Several researchers argue that age related cognitive impairments
have detrimental affect on use of web services by older adults. However little
and systematic applied research has been conducted on how age related cogni-
tive impairments might affect the usage of web services by older adults. Un-
doubtedly, understanding the relationship between the cognitive changes that
accompany aging and their impact on older adults’ usage of web services will
be beneficial for designing web services for this group. The paper demonstrates
how such understanding has been employed to develop an assistive technology
in order to improve older adults’ interaction with online forms (e.g. state benefit
application form). However the paper acknowledges that this new assistive
technology does not guarantee that people with age related cognitive impair-
ments accept it, as diffusion of innovation research shows that getting a new
technology adopted even when it has noticeable advantage is often very diffi-
cult. Consequently the paper identifies critical factors that need to be considered
when adopting this new assistive technology, drawing on Rogers (2003) theory
of Diffusion of Innovations.
Keywords: age related cognitive impairments, older adults, assistive technol-
ogy, online forms and web services, innovation, diffusion.
1 Introduction
Recent surveys show that the number of people over the age of 65 is increasing
worldwide. For example by 2030, the percentage of people over the age 65 in Europe
will be about 24% of the total population [1]. However research indicates that the
growing numbers of these older adults are living in their homes with limitations in
mobility, dexterity, and cognitive ability[2]. Currently there is considerable discussion
about the scope of improving the older adults’ autonomy and independence that is
restricted by age related impairments, using recent developments in information tech-
nology[3]. One of such development is web services and it is rapidly becoming a ma-
jor means of accessing health, care in the community and many government services
for the older adults[4]. The web services are also becoming a vehicle for older adults
in engaging activities such as employment and educational opportunities[5]. However
the older adults use web services less often and have less experience with them than