ULAMAS AND HIS INFLUENCE ON CONFLICT RESOLUTION : THE ROLE OF HETEROGENEITY IN COMMUNITIES STRUCTURE DAVY HENDRI Institut Agama Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang davy2_hendri1@yahoo.com Abstract Tis paper examines some concepts regarding religion and conﬂict, more speciﬁcally, the role of Islamic religious leaders in the conﬂict resolution. In many Muslim countries, Islamic religious leaders play signiﬁcant roles, not only in the religious realm, but also in the social, cultural, and even political realm. In contrast, the social environment will also determine the level of quality of religious leader’s inﬂuence in the form of obedience from citizens over the handling of (resolution) social problems in general and speciﬁcally conﬂict. In the heterogeneous socio-economic structure community realizing those are becoming a major challenge. Tis article examines the relationship between socio-economic structure of the community with the conﬂict resolution through the role of the local informal leader, in this case religious leaders (ulama). Data analysis was performed using a combination of SUSENAS and PODES provided by BPS, the unit of analysis based communities around 70,000 villages which aggregated at about 480 districts/cities level of 33 provinces in Indonesia in 2011. At initial stage, we creating speciﬁc ulama’s quality measurement, named Indek Kualitas Pengaruh Ulama. Ten, because of abundance of zero conﬂict cases and data overdispersion, we analyze this index relation with socio-economic communities structure through ZIP (Zero-Inﬂated Poisson) regression. Tis study found that "stable" socio-economic structure of the communities are determine the ulama’s quality. On the one hand, worsening community social cohesion represented by the high polarization index, tend to erode the ulama’s role (inﬂuence) especially in resolving conﬂict. Conversely, a low polarization index, boosted the conﬁdence level (general trust) to the role of ulama. Keywords: Informal Leadership, Community Structure, Conﬂict Resolution, Ulama Inﬂuence INTRODUCTION Religious leaders (Ulama) is an informal ﬁgures who played an important role in various aspects of life of Muslims since the ﬁrst. In addition to the role as a religious mentor for the citizens, religious leaders also serve as a solution to the socio-economic problems and so on. Many posts were already discussing how to type and tidal inﬂuence of the religious leader’s role in the long history of the nation. Terefore, this paper tries to limit itself to the role of the contemporary scholars in addressing socio-economic issues of cutting-edge at the local level. One is the social conﬂict Which is currently of concern to various parties. Tis issue becomes important, because at this time the inﬂuence of the religious leader's role was facing a major challenge with various complexity, dynamics and recency problem. Tis indirectly will determine the quality of his inﬂuence in the eyes of citizens (the ummah). In contrast to the formal leader who gained inﬂuence of authority and power derived, informal leaders receive from the trust (trust)