150 IJSR - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH Volume : 5 | Issue : 2 | February 2016 • ISSN No 2277 - 8179 Research Paper Medical Science Priyanka Meel Tutor (Microbiology) Glocal Medical College and Super Specialty Hospital, Saharanpur (U.P). Manju Meel Tutor (Microbiology) NC Medical College, Panipat (Haryana) Dr. B. Kumar Professor (Medicine) Glocal Medical College and Super Specialty Hospital, Saharanpur (U.P). Study of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated From Wound Infection in Indian Population. KEYWORDS : Pus Samples, P. aerugi- nosa, antibiotics ABSTRACT A total 201 isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected consecutively from diferent patients. Te study was carried out by using (Kirby-Bauer method) to determine the Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa isolates from in-patients and out-patients in the hospital. Te specifc objective of this study was to isolate P. aeruginosa from pus samples and determine the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance patterns of P. aeruginosa. Te results of this study showed, highest resistance rate with Ceftazidime (46%), ticarcillin/clavulinic acid (44%), cefoperazone/sulbactum (42%), ciprofoxacin (28%), tobramycin (28%), Meropenem (26%), Aztreonam (20%), Amikacin (20%). Te problem of increasing resistance to P. aeruginosa has limited the use of other classes of antibiotics like the fuoroquinolones, tetracycline, macrolides and chloramphenicol. In fact, the irrational and inappropriate use of antibiotics is responsible for the development of resistance of pseudomonas species. In addi- tion, regular antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance is essential for area wise monitoring of the resistance pattern. Introduction Te genus Pseudomonas is free living Gram-negative, aerobic, and motile, rod shaped bacteria, it is found in most moist envi- ronments. It contains more than 140 species, most of which are saprophytic and more than 25 species are associated with hu- mans. Most Pseudomonads are known to cause opportunistic infections. (1) Te P. aeruginosa had very minimal nutritional requirement that expedited its growth in hospital environment (Gilligan1995). Resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents is displayed by P. aeruginosa and only a few antibiotics are found to be efective against P. Aeruginosa (Carmeli et al. 1999). (2) P. aeruginosa is the most frequently isolated troublesome patho- gen causing life threatening respiratory tract infection (ventilator associated pneumonia), surgical site and Urinary tract infections in patients from intensive care units. Endocarditis and septice- mia carry a high mortality rate, exceeding 70% in patients com- promised by severe burns, cancer or drug addiction. It has signif- icant role in causing chronic debilitating respiratory infections in cystic fbrosis patients due to mucoid strains which leads to fatality. Tis bacterium makes use of distinctive mechanisms to become resistant to virtually all the available antibiotics. Several mechanisms can contribute to acquire resistance in P. aerugino- sa, including β lactamase production, the up regulation of efux systems and decreased outer membrane permeability. However, acquired extended spectrum β lactamases (ESBL) and Metallo βlactamases (MBL) mediated resistance is important emerging resistance mechanisms in P.aeruginosa. ,(3) Antibiotics likely to be most efective are the aminoglycosides tobramycin and gentamycin in combination with antipseudo- monial penicillin such as ticarcillin, or the ureido-pseudomo- nal, azlocillin and piperacillin. Newer agents with good activity include the carbapenems, imipenem and meropenem and the monobactams aztreonam. Of the cephalosporins, Ceftazidime has proved to be a useful non- toxic alternative to the amino- glycosides. Monotherapy with either Ceftazidime or imipenem/ cilastatin has been shown to be safe and efective alternative to combination therapy for the treatment of serious hospital ac- quired infection due to P. aeruginosa. A particular ciprofoxacin has provided a major advance as the frst highly active antipseu- domonial agents efective by oral administration. Ongoing sur- veillance of P.aeruginosa resistance against antimicrobial agents is fundamental to monitor trends in susceptibility patterns and to appropriately guide the clinician in choosing empirical or di- rected therapy, especially when new antimicrobial agents may not be readily available in the near future.  Terefore, the present study was undertaken to fnd out the antibiotic resistance pat- terns of pathogenic isolates of P. aeruginosa from various speci- men in NIMS Hospital. (4) Using ceftriaxone (30) mg, Ceftazidime 30 mg, gentamicin (10) mg, tobramycin 10 mg, amikacin 30 mg, netilimycin(30) mg, ciprofoxacin (5) mg, (Hi-Media, Mumbai, In- dia) and cefoperazone/sulbactum 75/30 mg (Pfzer, India). (5) Material and Method Tis study was conducted in department of Microbiology in NIMS Medical College&Hospital Jaipur. A total of 201 isolates of P.aeruginosa were collected consecutively. Te study was carried out by using (Kirby-Bauer method) to determine the Antimicro- bial susceptibility pattern of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from in-patients and out-patients in the hospital.(6) Clinical specimens used for the study were pus and wound swabs. Information regarding patients age, sex, and type of spec- imen taken were also recorded.(7) All the isolates were identi- fed using colony morphology on blood agar, MacConkey agar, Nutrient agar, Gram stain characteristics, motility detection, and positive reaction to oxidase, citrate utilization, Urease test and Triple sugar iron test done.(8) Results A total of 201 isolates of P.aeruginosa were collected consecu- tively from male and female patients. One forty nine patients (73%) were male and Fifty two patients (27%) were Female. Out of the total 201 samples, 140 were wound swabs samples (70%), 61 were pus samples (30%).Te highest sensitivity rate was found for Amikacin (80%), and Aztreonam (76%), Merope- nem (74%), Tobramycin (70%). In our study Amikacin showed the highest (80%) sensitivity followed by Aztreonam against P.aeruginosa, which is in corroboration with an earlier report published from India. Te results of this study showed, highest resistance rate with