Acta Appl Math
DOI 10.1007/s10440-006-9046-1
Efficient Software-Implementation of Finite Fields
with Applications to Cryptography
Jorge Guajardo · Sandeep S. Kumar ·
Christof Paar · Jan Pelzl
© Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2006
Abstract In this work, we present a survey of efficient techniques for software imple-
mentation of finite field arithmetic especially suitable for cryptographic applications.
We discuss different algorithms for three types of finite fields and their special
versions popularly used in cryptography: Binary fields, prime fields and extension
fields. Implementation details of the algorithms for field addition/subtraction, field
multiplication, field reduction and field inversion for each of these fields are discussed
in detail. The efficiency of these different algorithms depends largely on the under-
lying micro-processor architecture. Therefore, a careful choice of the appropriate
set of algorithms has to be made for a software implementation depending on the
performance requirements and available resources.
Mathematics Subject Classifications 12-02 · 12E30 · 12E10
Key words field arithmetic · cryptography · efficient implementation ·
binary field arithmetic · prime field arithmetic · extension field arithmetic ·
optimal extension fields
J. Guajardo (B )
Information and System Security Department, Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
e-mail: Jorge.Guajardo@philips.com
S. S. Kumar · C. Paar · J. Pelzl
Horst-Görtz Institute for IT-Security, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
S. S. Kumar
e-mail: kumar@crypto.rub.de
C. Paar
e-mail: cpaar@crypto.rub.de
J. Pelzl
e-mail: pelzl@crypto.rub.de