Documentation and Architectural Interpretation of
the Panishail Temple Complex, Maulvibazar, Bangladesh.
Kawshik Saha
*
, Shamsul Arefin, Gourpada Dey
Department of Architecture, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
*
Corresponding Author’s Email: kawshik-arc@sust.edu
Abstract
This article represents survey data of historical and architectural documentation of Sri Radha
Binod Ashrama locally known as the Panishail temple. Temple architecture is a common feature
of traditional religious architecture practice in Bangladesh. This article is a historical and
architectural investigation of a less known and mixed type of Hindu temple style in the Bengal
region. The Panishail temple complex has a collection of structures that include tomb, temples,
and residences aged between fifty to two hundred years. Over the ages, these heritage buildings
have displayed a unique architectural style of ancient Bengal and still serving as a living sacred
landscape heritage. However, like most of the ancient monuments of Bangladesh, Panishail
structures inside this complex stand against the threat of decay and anthropogenic destruction
with no effort to conserve them. There is a need for immediate action of research, exploration
and preservation to save this historic landmark. This research aims to investigate historic and
physical features of the temple complex through a systematic survey and documentation effort.
This research will lay a foundation for future conservation intervention on this site. Moreover,
this work will significantly contribute to historic temple architecture study in Bangladesh.
Keywords: Hindu Temples, Sacred landscape, Bhaishnavism, Conservation, Architectural
Documentation.
1. Introduction
Sylhet, the Northeastern region of Bangladesh, is often
referred to as the spiritual capital of this country.
Historically, Sylhet has been serving as a home of two
major religious streams of the Indian subcontinent,
‘Islam’ and ‘Hinduism’. Over the centuries, Sylhet
appeared as a major religious center of Northeast India
to contain spiritual values and spread these ideologies
through in the region [1]. This diversity of religious
streams has reflected in indigenous literature, music,
art, crafts, and mostly in architecture. Reasonably,
Sylhet and surrounding areas are home to several
Hindu temples that are rich in terms of heritage value
[2]. The Panishail temple complex has immense
importance in terms of architectural heritage and its
overall contribution as a religious institute.
Unfortunately, these ancient structures are in fragile
condition, threatening by various external factors and
requiring major conservation intervention. This
research aims to record this heritage site by
architectural documentation through developing
plans, elevation and 3d models. These documents will
lay a foundation for future conservation efforts on this
site. The authors have attempted a comparative study
of this temple features with temple architectural
features developed in Bangladesh. The authors expect
that this article will reach a wider range of researchers,
heritage experts, conservators, entrepreneurs. Besides,
this work will give a basis for future research or any
kind of intervention on this historic site. This study
will support the department of archaeology of
Bangladesh to further study and protect the group of
monuments as a national heritage.
2. The objective of the study:
Various international charters (Venice Charter,
Athens charter) and conservators have given
importance to proper documentation as a fundamental
need for conservation [3]. Proper documentation helps
to understand the structures and help to make correct
decisions. Hence, the primary objective of this
research was to make architectural documentation of
the existing buildings within the temple complex.
Second, to identify the heritage values of these
buildings by comparing and analyzing existing temple
architecture examples. This research also aimed to
inspect the structures to identify the major threats and
conservation needs of the structures. The authors also
discussed potential issues and directions for
sustainable preservation efforts that maybe be put in
place for this site.
Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 11 January 2021 doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0174.v1
© 2021 by the author(s). Distributed under a Creative Commons CC BY license.