International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health | 2016 | Vol 5 | Issue 06 1134
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DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2016.17072015160
Research Article
A cross-sectional study on self-medication practices
among the rural population of Meghalaya
Apurba Marak, Madhur Borah, Himashree Bhattacharyya, Kaushik Talukdar
Department of Community Medicine, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences,
Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
Correspondence to: Madhur Borah, E-mail: borahmadhur8@gmail.com
Received July 17, 2015. Accepted October 8, 2015
Background: Self-medication can be described as a double-edged sword for its users, because it has both benefcial
and harmful effects. The practice of self-medication is infuenced by various factors. Meghalaya being an antimalarial drug
resistant region is very much vulnerable to harms of self-medication.
Objective: Therefore, this study was initiated to determine the prevalence of self-medication for allopathic drugs among
the rural population and to fnd out the association between certain socio-demographic characteristics and self-medication.
Materials and Methods: The study was a community-based, cross-sectional study carried out at Sohiong area of
Mawphlang Block, East Khasi Hills district, Meghalaya, India. A total of 400 respondents of 18 years of age or more were
randomly selected for the study.
Result: Prevalence of self-medication was found to be 55% for allopathic drugs. Higher percentages of self-medication
practices were seen among male gender (54.7%), people educated at least up to high school (64%), and in the younger
age group (55%). Mild illness (30%) was the most common reason for self-medication followed by unwillingness to go to
doctors (27%). Cough and common cold (28.3%) were found to be the most common symptoms for self-medication. Most
common source of information for self-medication was family members and friends (38.7%).
Conclusion: Higher percentages of self-medication practices were seen among the males, higher educational and socio-
economic status, and younger age group. Health education to people regarding responsible self-medication is necessary
to prevent misuse and adverse effect of self-medication.
KEYWORDS: Self-medication, rural population, cross sectional study, socioeconomic status, allopathic drugs, health
education
Abstract
International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health Online 2016. © 2016 Madhur Borah. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
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minor ailments is not necessary are the keys that lead to this
relatively newer concept.
[1]
In 1978, the Declaration of Alma-Ata
recognized people’s involvement in achieving the optimum
health. Also Ottawa declaration of health promotion in 1986
emphasized the central role of individuals and communities
in contributing to health.
[2]
Self-medication is a tool in this
approach. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defned
self-medication as the practice whereby individuals treat their
ailments and conditions with medicines that are approved and
available without prescription, and which are safe and effec-
tive when used as directed.
[3]
The WHO promotes the practice
of responsible self-medication so that patients can get desired
benefts without overburdening the health-care delivery system
especially in rural and remote areas.
[4]
But self-medication can
be described as a double-edged sword for its users, because
it has both benefcial and harmful effects. Self-medication has
Introduction
Self-medication is an important aspect in health-care deliv-
ery system especially in a developing country like India. Making
the individuals responsible for their own health through health
education and make them aware that professional care for