2013 International Conference on Power, Energy and Control (ICPEC)
978-1-4673-6030-2/13/$31.00 ©2013 IEEE
124
Some studies of Distributed Series FACTS
Controller to control active power flow
through Transmission Line
Mr. Sandeep R. Gaigowal Dr. M. M. Renge
Asssistant Prof. Electrical Department Prof. Electrical Department
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar College of Engg. &
Research, Nagpur, India
Ramdeobaba College of Engg. & Management,
Nagpur, India
Abstract- Day by day energy consumption is increasing. It is
an urgent need to increase power generation and hence
increase in power transmission capability. There is an
increasing demand of power flow control in power systems of
the future and FACTS devices are the most suitable devices
to control power flow. However cost and reliability are the
main issues that create hurdles in widespread application of
FACTS Devices. Distributed-series FACTS Controller gives
an opportunity to realize cost effective power flow control. In
this Paper some studies are presented on Distributed series
FACTS controller to control active power flow. Multilevel
Inverter topologies are studied for Distributed FACTS
Controller.
Index Terms- Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS),
Distributed FACTS, Distributed Static Series Compensator
(DSSC), Distributed Series Facts Controllers (DPFC),
Multilevel Inverter (MLI)
I. INTRODUCTION
Day by day power demand is increasing. To fulfil
increased demand, it is an urgent need to increase power
generation and hence increase in power transmission
capability. With increasing load demand, hence increase
in power generation and transmission, power system
becomes more and more complex, as a result, in some
cases Transmission Line becomes overloaded (above
thermal limit) and in other cases it becomes under
loaded though its thermal limit capacity is not reached.
It may lead to uncontrolled power flows; and excessive
reactive power in the system, thus the full potential of
transmission interconnections is not utilized.
There is a need to shift a power from
overloaded line to other parallel path. Accordingly new
transmission line erection is needed. But it is costly and
difficult due to land acquisition problem, environmental
problems etc. and it is time consuming also. The
possible solution is to optimize the utilization of the
existing network and to boost the transmitted power
upto the thermal limit of the network.
One solution to the problem of managing
power flow on transmission lines is by use of power
electronics based FACTS devices. Flexible AC
Transmission System is defined by IEEE as ‘a power
electronic based system and other static equipment that
provide control of one or more AC Transmission system
parameters to enhance controllability and increase
power transfer capability’[1]. Power flow is controlled
by adjusting the parameters of a system, such as voltage
magnitude, line impedance and transmission angle.
FACTS Power flow controller can be divided as series
controller, shunt controller and combined series-shunt
controller. Switching power converters are the basic
building block of a new generation FACTS controllers.
FACTS devices allow control of power flows on ac
power systems through the use of large power
converters. Compared with mechanically switched
control of the transmission system, power electronics
based FACTS devices are faster and more flexible.
A static synchronous series compensator
(SSSC) is a series FACTS controller uses a series
voltage source converter (VSC) equipped with an
energy storage. SSSC injects a voltage with controllable
magnitude and phase angle in quadrature with the
transmission line current controls active power flow.
SSSC has a capability to provide both capacitive and
inductive compensation [1][2].
Recent research has been focused on designing
and realizing cost effective FACTS device by applying
distributed concept instead of the conventional lumped
solution. Distributed Static Series Compensator (DSSC)
is a D-FACTS device light in weight & it can be
attached directly to the existing transmission line
allowing active power flow control [3][4]. DSSC can be
used to realize effective impedance variation and it can