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The Pharma Innovation Journal 2018; 7(8): 281-285
ISSN (E): 2277- 7695
ISSN (P): 2349-8242
NAAS Rating: 5.03
TPI 2018; 7(8): 281-285
© 2018 TPI
www.thepharmajournal.com
Received: 01-06-2018
Accepted: 03-07-2018
Iqra Nazir
Department of Aquaculture,
College of Fisheries, G. B. Pant
University of Agriculture &
Technology, Pantnagar,
Uttarakhand, India
Rikhi S Chauhan
Department of Aquaculture,
College of Fisheries, G. B. Pant
University of Agriculture &
Technology, Pantnagar,
Uttarakhand, India
Correspondence
Rikhi S Chauhan
Department of Aquaculture,
College of Fisheries, G. B. Pant
University of Agriculture &
Technology, Pantnagar,
Uttarakhand, India
Evaluation of dietary utilization of phytobiotics along
with vitamin c and chitosan and its impact on growth in
fingerlings of Cyprinus carpio haematopterus
Iqra Nazir and Rikhi S Chauhan
Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate growth promoting effect of Allium sativum, Curcuma
longa, Tinospora cordifolia, Withania somnifera, Vitamin C and chitosan on the fingerlings of Cyprinus
carpio haematopterus. The fingerlings weighing 33.0 ± 2 g were distributed randomly into four treatment
groups T0, T1, T2 and T3 of 25 fishes each in triplicate. Four Isoproteinous experimental diets were
prepared by mixing rice bran, deoiled mustard oil cake, deoiled soybean cake and vitamin-mineral
mixture. The phytobiotics, Vitamin C and Chitosan were incorporated into diet as [Diet (D1) with control
feed + 2.5 gm of garlic + 2.5 gm of guduchi + 2.5gm of turmeric +2.5 gm of ashwagandha. Diet (D2)
with control feed + (2.5 gm of each plant) + 25 mg Vitamin C. Diet (D3) with control feed + (2.5 gm of
each plant) + 2.5 gm Chitosan]. T0 group fishes were fed with D0 diet, T1 with D1, T2 with D2, T3 with D3
@ 5% body weight per day for 102 days. The water quality parameters were regularly monitored.
Fingerlings fed with diet D3 achieved higher Net weight gain (NWG 17.49 ± 0.2461 g), specific growth
rate (SGR 0.197 ± 0.0018 %), gross conversion efficiency (GCE 0.7478 ± 0.0019), better feed
conversion ratio (FCR 1.337 ± 0.0057) and protein efficiency ratio (PER 1.158±0.0112) as compared to
other treatments. The obtained results indicated that T3 was the best treatment which realized significant
(P<0.05) increase in parameters related to growth performance. The results indicate that phytobiotics
along with vitamin C and chitosan have very good growth promoting effect and does not have any
adverse effect on health of Cyprinus carpio haematopterus in culture system.
Keywords: Specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, phytobiotics, Chitosan
1. Introduction
Aquaculture is an important industry and it is increasing worldwide every year. Aquaculture is
the fastest growing food-producing sector in the world and it is an important economic activity
in many countries. In large-scale production facilities, where aquatic animals are exposed to
stressful conditions, problems related to diseases and deterioration of environmental conditions
often occur and result in serious economic losses. When aquaculture production becomes more
intensive, the incidence of disease including infectious diseases has increased and as a result of
it, significant economic losses were incurred. At many fish farms and hatcheries several
antibiotics, vaccines and chemotherapeutic agents as well as some Immuno stimulants have
been used to prevent viral, bacterial, parasitic and fungal diseases. Although antibiotics and
chemotherapeutics are used for prophylaxis and treatment in intensive aquaculture, they have
been widely criticized for their negative impact (FAO, 2002)
[9]
. So far, the effects of a number
of Immuno stimulants (such as levamisole, lipopolysaccharide, glucans, peptidoglycan and
muramyl dipeptide) have been extensively studied in a variety of fish species (Anderson,
1992)
[2]
. But knowledge on the use of traditional herbal medicines as Immuno stimulants is
limited, even though such medicines seem to be a rich source of active substances for
immunotherapy (Hadden, 1993)
[11]
. Herbal plant products have various qualities like growth
promoting ability, appetite stimulation, enhance immune system, anti-stress, anti-tumour, anti-
parasitic, antimicrobial in aquaculture practices. Application of medicinal herbs in disease
management is gaining success, because herbal treatment is cost effective, ecofriendly and has
minimal side effects. Nowadays herbs or herbal products also have a significant role in
aquaculture.
Medicinal herbs promote lipid metabolism that catabolizes body fatty acids as main energy
expenditure, resulting in efficient protein accumulation and growth performance. Thus, use of
plant product or herb material may help in fish health management in eco-friendly manner
(Chakraborty and Chattopadhyay, 1998)
[7]
and they have been widely used in aquaculture.