Valorisation of Reutealis Trisperma Seed from Papua for the Production of Non-Edible Oil and Protein-Rich Biomass Robert Manurung 1 , Muhammad Yusuf Abduh 1 , Mochammad Hirza Nadia 1 , Kardina Sari Wardhani 1 , and Khalilan Lambangsari 1 1 School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia Abstract. The valorisation of Reutealis trisperma seed for the production of non-edible oil and protein was investigated. Reutealis trisperma fruits contain approximately 60-61 wt%, d.b. mesocarp, 26-28 wt%, d.b. endosperm and 13 wt%, d.b. endocarp. The endosperm of ripe Reutealis trisperma fruit contains about 54-59 wt%, d.b. non-edible oil whereas the mesocarp contains only 3-9 wt%, d.b. oil. The cake obtained after the extraction of oil from the endosperm was mixed with the endocarp (20 wt% cake and 80 wt% endocarp) and used as feed (50 mg/larva/d) for the cultivation of Hermetia illucens larvae in a rearing container. The feed contains 39.2 wt%, d.b. hemicellulose, 10.9 wt%, d.b. cellulose and 29.9 wt%, d.b. lignin and 0.2 wt%, d.b. ash. The protein content of the feed was 19.1 wt%, d.b. A prepupal dry weight of approximately 50 mg/larvae was obtained after 12 d of treatment with an estimated productivity of 10.2 kg prepupae /m 3 container .d. The estimated efficiency of black solider fly larvae in converting digested food was 21.6% with an assimilation efficiency of 27.7%. The prepupae of Hermetia illucens contains approximately 37.6 wt%, d.b. protein and 33.2 wt%, d.b. fat. As such indicates that the remaining biomass from Reutealis trisperma seed after the oil extraction has the potential to be used as feed for the production of protein-rich biomass. Keywords: valorisation, reutealis trisperma seed, non-edible oil, extraction, hermatia illucens larvae, protein-rich biomass 1. Introduction The island of New Guinea is extremely rich in biodiversity with almost 20.000 flora species [1]. Papua is one of the major provinces in the island which comprises a large mountainous area, forest lowlands and large areas of coastal mangrove swamps. It is reported that there are approximately 1030 flora species in Papua from which 55% of them are endemic species [2]. Papua has the highest number of flora species in Indonesia with a huge potential for bioproduct development [3] but most of the species are yet to be valorised by the local people. Among the species that has received little attention is Reutealis terisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw that belongs to the family of Euphorbiaceae. Reutealis terisperma which is locally known as ‘kemiri sunan’ in Indonesia is native to Philippines and cultivated in small scale in several Asian countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia and Philipinnes. Several studies about the potential of Reutealis terisperma as a non-edible source for the production of biodiesel have been reported [4], [5]. However literature about Ruetealis trisperma from Papua is very scarce in comparison to the same species from other regions of Indonesia such as West Java [4], [6]. The Reutealis terisperma seeds contain approximately 38-40 wt% oil. The oil can be valorised to produce biodiesel by a two stage process particularly acid esterification and alkali catalysed trans- esterification [5]. The remaining biomass (approximately 60 %) which is normally discarded as waste contain protein and lignocellulose. The biomass can be valorised as a substrate for the cultivation of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) (Hermetia illucens L.) to produce higher value added products such as protein-rich  Corresponding author. Tel.: + 62 22 251 1575; fax: +62 22 253 4107 E-mail address: manurung@sith.itb.ac.id. International Proceedings of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, V0l. 93 (2016) DOI: 10.7763/IPCBEE. 2016. V93. 3 17