Journal of Population and Social Studies, Volume 26 Number 3, July 2018: 235 - 247 DOI: 10.25133/JPSSv26n3.017 235 The Models of Age-specific Mortality Rates and Their Patterns from Female Total Population Counts Nirmal Gautam 1 , Attachai Ueranantasun 2 and Apiradee Lim 3 Abstract If net migration is negligible, population change in a country is governed by an increase due to births and a decrease due to deaths. This study focuses on the mortality of female population based on their total fertility rates. It develops a simple method to analyze population data with the aim to estimate age-specific mortality models for 54 countries in the world and identify a similar pattern among them. Specifically, the method involves estimating the mortality rates of those countries with negligible net age-specific migration to form the common models. These models are then applied to other countries by matching mortality at older ages to verify similar patterns. The results show three different mortality models which imply the differences in the mortality patterns between the countries studied. Keywords Age-specific female mortality; mortality patterns; population data Introduction Mortality pattern refers to human survival and longevity in any population. It is a key indicator of health and development of the nation (Sharrow, Clark, & Raftery, 2014). Changes in the population structure of a country have been historically regulated by mortality (Schröder, Leeuwen, & Cameron, 2014). Therefore, reducing mortality has been a major goal of population health policies with considerable investments in public health and medical technology to extend longevity and improve public health (Bangha, 2013). It has been documented that declines in mortality compensate for decreased fertility rates, so mortality and fertility rates impact population growth considerably (Shelton, 2014). The declining trend is particularly evident in child and maternal mortality rates in the studied countries that have the appropriate records since the 1960s (Liu et al., 2015). Furthermore, female mortality remains high, mostly in Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia, because of poor health-related behaviors and socioeconomic status (Johri, Ridde, Heinmüller, & Haddad, 2014; World Health Organization, 2015a). While human mortality affects everyone and differs by country because of the discrepancies in economic development, resulting from the industrial revolution and sanitary progress (Meslé & Vallin, 2010). Additionally, mortality patterns of the countries heavily depend on the mixture of other socioeconomic factors, such as incomes and educational levels. These 1 Department of Mathematics and Computer Science; Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus 2 Department of Mathematics and Computer Science; Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus Email: attachai.u@psu.ac.th 3 Department of Mathematics and Computer Science; Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus