International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Impact Factor (2012): 3.358 Volume 3 Issue 5, May 2014 www.ijsr.net Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY Selection for the Increasing Yield of Purple and Yellow Pod Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on F 2 Generation Retno Dwi Andayani 1 , Lita Soetopo 2 , Andy Soegianto 2 1 Student of Plant Science Program, Postgraduate, Brawijaya University Veteran Road, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2 Lecturer, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University Veteran Road, Malang 65145, Indonesia Abstrack: The objective of the research was to acquire new line of purple and yellow pod beans which has a high yield. This research was carried out in May to August 2013. The experiment organized by single plant method without replication and the treatment are 8 F 2 population from a cross combinations elder and 5 parental varieties. Method of the selection is pedigree selection with the selection criteria include pods color and high yield. Data of the observation was analyzed to find out the environmental variance, genetic variance, heritability, selection progress for each selected line and organoleptic test. Results of this research showed that out of 864 lines of the grown plants, 163 selected lines were obtained that consisted of 74 purple pods lines and 89 yellow pods lines. High value of the genetic progress for pods weight character per plant has been belonged to all lines that can be selected effectively to improve the yield in F3. Keywords: Beans, selection, pod color, yield, genetic progress. 1. Introduction Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), which is well-known as bean, belong to legumes that having more benefits. Bean is one of vegetable protein sources, which is cheap. The demand of beans keep increasing year-by-year along with the rapid growth of population. The statistical data on beans production in Indonesia during the period of 2008 was 242.45 tons. The average yield of beans in 2009 was 8.52 ton ha -1 [1]. The increasing number of populations led to the increasing demand of beans, while the domestic production has not been sufficient to fulfill the demand. The increasing production and quality of beans should be done in order to fulfill the national food requirements. The main cause of failure in increasing the production, in the farmer level, is the pest infection and repeated varieties applications and descending without passing through tight selection, which causes the declined quality of the yield. In general, the farmers have not been interested to change local variety before they ascertain that the new variety is more superior and beneficial than the former, so that such new variety introduction may offer some challenges, such as insufficient initial supply of seeds and limited range of the seed supply [2]. Bean is not the origin plant of Indonesia, so that the genetic sources would be limited as well, and it can be overcome by importing an introduced variety. One of efforts to increase variances is crossing the introduced varieties of bean. The introduced varieties in this research were Purple Queen and Cherokee Sun. Selecting both introduced varieties were based on superiority belongs to each variety. Purple Queen has purple color because it contains anthocyanine and Cherokee Sun has yellow pods due to carotene. Based on diverse superiorities of local beans and the introduced ones, it has initiated an idea to combine superiorities of local beans and the introduced ones through hybridization, which is expected to be one of the national superior variety candidates. The bean-hybridization product will be selected to obtain the suitable product as desired, purple and yellow pods, which produce high yields. A part of the cross-breeding of both beans has produced purple and yellow pod beans, but in low yields as shown in number of pods per plant, therefore, a breeding program is required, such as selection, to increase quality of the cross-breeding. Plant breeding is an effort to improve shape and properties of the plant in order to create new varieties that having better properties than the parent, based on the production and resistant to any disease. Variety improvement can be done by combining the desired genetic properties, and one of them is through cross-breeding, improving and utilizing the genetic variances, then followed by selection and evaluation on the yields. The objective of such breeding is to obtain new varieties along with better hereditary properties/traits than the parents. The genetic variance in breeding program is the key to reach success in selection process. Cross-breeding between parents with different traits will create greater genetic variances. Such greater genetic variances will increase the median value of the selection in the next generation. Therefore, success in establishing F2 that having greater genetic variances highly determine the genetic progress, which is going to be resulted in selection process. 2. Materials and Methods The research was conducted at Junrejo Village, Junrejo Subdistrict in Batu at the altitude of ± 760 m asl, which having the rainfalls of + 1300 mm/yr, daily-mean Paper ID: 020132268 1814