General Papers ARKIVOC 2015 (vii) 354-361
Page 354
©
ARKAT-USA, Inc
A mild and convenient oxidative transformation of aldehydes to
methyl esters using iodosobenzene in combination with KBr
Loveena Arora
a
, Richa Prakash
b*
, Om Prakash
c
, and Nitya Sharma
b
a
Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
b
Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
c
Madhav University, Abu road, Sirohi, Rajasthan, 307026, India
E-mail: prakashricha@rediffmail.com
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/ark.5550190.p009.267
Abstract
Oxidation of various aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes with iodosobenzene in combination with
potassium bromide in aqueous methanol offers a mild and convenient method for their
conversion into the corresponding methyl esters. The method is not straightforward for the
synthesis of heteroaryl esters.
Keywords: Organohypervalent iodine(III) reagents, iodosobenzene, oxidation, methyl esters
Introduction
Oxidative transformation of aldehydes (1) into esters (2) is a very useful reaction in organic
synthesis. A number of methods using various reagents have been reported to bring about this
transformation (Scheme 1).
1-9
However, many of these procedures suffer from several limitations
such as involvement of toxic heavy metal oxidants, expensive catalyst, large excess of reagents,
and dry solvent in inert atmosphere. Furthermore, the requirement of poisonous
3
and polluting
reagents, mediators, and cocatalysts along with long reaction times and drastic reaction
conditions causes severe economic and operational problems. Thus, alternative methods for this
transformation are desirable.
Organohypervalent iodine reagents
10-19
have been increasingly used in contemporary organic
synthesis. In particular, organoiodine(III) reagents, namely (diacetoxyiodo)benzene,
20
bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodobenzene,
21
[hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodobenzene]
22
and iodosobenzene
(IOB)
23
have emerged as versatile oxidizing agents. Organoiodine(III) reagents in combination
with other reagents have also shown interesting applications in organic synthesis. For example,
Kita et al.
24,25
have reported that iodosobenzene in combination with KBr (system i) in aqueous
methanol can be employed for the oxidative transformation of alcohols into methyl esters. This
reaction has been suggested to proceed through the intermediacy of aldehyde, but these were not
isolated. Based on these observations, it was considered worthwhile to examine the oxidation of