Research Article
An Innovative Methodological Approach for Monitoring and
Chemical Characterization of Odors around Industrial Sites
A. Di Gilio , J. Palmisani, and G. de Gennaro
Department of Biology, University of Bari Aldo, Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoG.deGennaro;gianluigi.degennaro@uniba.it
Received 31 July 2018; Revised 18 September 2018; Accepted 30 September 2018; Published 21 October 2018
AcademicEditor:HelenaA.Flocas
Copyright©2018A.DiGilioetal.isisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
is study aims to highlight the potentialities of an innovative methodological approach for monitoring and chemical charac-
terization of odors, especially in high concern and complex industrial areas. e proposed approach was developed in order to
monitor and identify odor-active compounds responsible for odor annoyance coming from different industrial activities such as
landfills,wastewatertreatmentplants,andpetroleumplants.emethodology’sstrengthsareasfollows:(1)thetailoredapproachfor
each typology of industrial areas/sites; (2) integration of technologies able to provide real-time information about the emissive
sources; (3) mapping of air pollutants on the territory aimed to identify and discriminate among different fugitive emissions
responsible for odor annoyance; (4) collection of more representative air samples only during the nuisance events, thanks to the
implementation of innovative sampling systems and citizens’ involvement; and (5) increased analytical sensitivity in odor-active
VOCsdetection.ismethodologyrevealstobeausefultooltocollectreal-timeinformationabouttheemissionsourcesandtheir
impacts on the surrounding area giving credit to citizens’ complaints. Moreover, it allows to overcome the limitations of the
conventionalapproachesrelatedtothelackofinstrumentalsensitivityandtoidentifythechemicalcompoundscontributingtothe
odor annoyance.
1. Introduction
Nowadays,odoremissionsandtheirmonitoringandcontrol
are an issue of concern for scientific community and
stakeholders.Infact,duringthelastdecades,thenumberof
published scientific studies focused on the identification of
theodor-activecompoundsemittedbydifferentsourcesand
on their correlation with the human perception is consid-
erably increased [1–3]. More specifically, the interest about
odoremissionsstemsfromthegrowingpublicreactionsand
complaints of the citizens living near complex industrial
areas and perceiving the odors as a serious threat to their
health [4–9]. Environmental malodor in fact could impose
physical, psychological, social, and behavioral stress to
humans. As a consequence, respiratory symptoms and
health impairment could be verified even at odorant ex-
posures below irritation thresholds. Moreover, during the
last50years,theintensificationofindustrialplantssuchas
landfills, composting plants, wastewater treatment plants,
petroleum refineries, and livestocks in addition to
population growth and residential development at the pe-
ripheral and rural areas have increased the number of
residents exposed to odors [10–13]. is issue is also ex-
acerbated by the difficulty in assessing and regulating
odor emissions because odor perception is subjective and
the result of the complex interaction of odorant gases in
amixture,whichdependsontheconcentrationofindividual
odorants, on interaction effects, and on individual-specific
factors of the exposed subject [14, 15]. Moreover, the as-
sessmentofodorrepresentsanenvironmentalissueofgreat
complexitybecauseofthecausalrelationshipbetweenodor
events (often characterized by a brief duration) and odor
sources. erefore, in order to obtain an exhaustive com-
prehension of the odor emission phenomena, high time
resolution,accurate,reliable,andreproducibleexperimental
dataareneeded[16].Nowadays,themostusedmethodology
forodoremissionassessmentisdynamicolfactometry.is
technique allows to obtain measurements of odor concen-
trations but is not addressed to discriminate each odor-
activecompoundandtherelativecontributiontotheoverall
Hindawi
Advances in Meteorology
Volume 2018, Article ID 1567146, 8 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1567146