375 15th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO/NANOTECHNOLOGIES AND ELECTRON DEVICES EDM 2014
978-1-4799-4668-6/14/$31.00 ©2014 IEEE
Abstract – In this study the novel transformerless AC-voltage
converters with reduced number of switches are considered.
The paper presents mathematical models, control and energy
characteristics, and optimal control regions of the converters.
The properties of the novel transformerless AC-voltage
converters and converters described in [1,2] are compared
according to such criteria as voltage control range, quality of
the consumed and generated power, and total power rating of
the reactive components. Computer simulation of the novel
converters was implemented. The results of this research can
be used to choose the converter for a specific application.
Index Terms – transformerless AC-voltage converter, pulse-
width control.
I. INTRODUCTION
T
HE APPLICATION field of AC-voltage converters is
very wide. They are used for control and stabilization
of supply voltage, as compensators of voltage asymmetry
or distortion, as soft starters of induction or synchronous
motors etc.
Linear voltage converters, based on autotransformers or
multisectional windings transformers, are bulky, have low
response time and their automatization is difficult. Switch
mode voltage converters such as series voltage injection
converters (with phase or pulse-width control) [3] – [5]
and tap changing converters have many advantages in
comparison with linear voltage converters [6] – [8]. However
they also require a transformer, that has a significant effect
on size, weight and price of the converter.
The most popular industrial voltage converters are SCR-
based converters because of low price, compact size and
high reliability. However, they have many well-known
disadvantages [9]. First of all, SCR-based converters are
not capable to boost voltage. Another problem is that SCR-
based converters have poor quality of output voltage and
input current, which is very important nowadays due to the
increasing stress of switch mode devices on supply systems
[10]. In addition, the response time of SCR-based converters
is limited by supply voltage frequency, which is not enough
in some applications.
Transformerless AC-voltage converters based on fully
controlled bidirectional switches [11] – [16] are becoming
more and more popular nowadays due to compact size, high
quality of consumed and generated power, high response
time etc. Much attention is paid to topologies which were
derived from well-known DC-DC converters [11,13]. Many
new converters were also introduced [14] – [16].
In this paper the novel transformerless AC-voltage
converters and the converters described in [1,2] are
considered. Each power circuit includes only two transistors,
which results in a low price of the converter and a simple
control system.
II. PROBLEM DEFINITION
The purpose of this study is to analyze and compare
properties of the novel transformerless AC-voltage
converters and converters described in [1,2]. It is necessary
to build mathematical and computer models of novel
converters, to obtain their control and energy characteristics
(and some necessary characteristics for converters described
in [1,2]), and to define optimal control regions of the
considered converters.
III. THEORY
Power circuits of the considered AC-voltage converters
are depicted in Fig.1, where circuits Fig.1a, b are the
novel circuits. Each converter includes two three-phase
bidirectional switches (S1, S2), which operate in such a way
that when one switch is ON the other one is OFF. The output
voltage is controlled by a pulse-width control technique at
high frequency.
A special feature of the considered converters is that
there are two possible connection types of supply source
(with inductances L
1
for circuits a, b, c) and load: in one
connection it is necessary to have access to all 6 connectors
of source while in the other connection – to all 6 connectors
of load. It is important to note, that converters Fig.1a, b are
universal as their properties are equal in both connection
types. Properties of converters Fig.1b, c depend on the
connection type, so an analysis of the converter Fig.1b has
been done for both cases, which are indexed as “dir” for
direct connection (Fig.1b) and “rev” for reverse connection.
In reverse connection the converter Fig.1c is a well-known
boost AC-voltage converter [13], so this connection is not
considered in this study.
To obtain energy and control characteristics of the
considered voltage converters the direct methods of analysis
(ADE) [17] were used. An analysis was done for a resistant-
inductive load. Mathematical models of converters were
built in the form of a differential equation system with
discontinuities parameters
Three-Phase Transformerless AC-Voltage
Converters with Reduced Number of Switches
Roman L. Gorbunov
1
, Graduate Student Member, IEEE, Gennadiy S. Zinoviev
2
, Member, IEEE
1
National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
2
Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk, Russia