Asian Social Science; Vol. 14, No. 1; 2018 ISSN 1911-2017 E-ISSN 1911-2025 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education 79 Changes and Impacts of Heritage Building to Small Hotel Building: A Case Study of Bangkok Story Hostel Chotewit Pongsermpol 1 & Prapatpong Upala 1 1 Faculty of Architecture, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL), Bangkok, Thailand Correspondence: Chotewit Pongsermpol. Tel: 6681-551-3544. E-mail: chotewit@hotmail.com Received: October 1, 2017 Accepted: November 18, 2017 Online Published: December 27, 2017 doi:10.5539/ass.v14n1p79 URL: https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v14n1p79 Abstract Over the last decade, trends of adaptive reuse of old buildings turned into hotels have been popular in Thailand, especially in Bangkok. Adaptive Reuse Heritage Building converted to the Hotel Building, AR-HB-hotel, effects changes and impacts in several aspects. There have been established criteria for substantial renovation, business investment and assessment of the value of heritage buildings but no concern has been paid to the surrounding community impact. The objective is to study four issues of AR-HB-hotel focused on (1) physical, (2) economic, (3) value changes, and (4) social impacts. The research method is qualitative approach with case study type. ‘Bangkok Story Hostel’ was selected as a representative case for AR-HB-hotel. This small 3-storey heritage hotel is located in a traditional trading district on Songward Street, Sampanthawong district, Bangkok. For the data collection, building history and project background, as well as physical and economic changes were collected from secondary data, surveys, and in-depth interview. Value change and social impact were collected from in-depth interview and questionnaire. The results showed that the level of physical, economic, and value changes of this building rose up, while the level of social impact stays the same or decreased a little less than the level before the renovation. This research may not be generalized wholly to another case with a significantly different context, but the four main approaches for examining physical, economic, value, and social issues and the procedure used in this study can be a guideline for future studies of AR-HB-hotel’ changes and impacts. Keywords: adaptive reuse, heritage building, changes, impacts, Bangkok Story Hostel 1. Introduction An adaptively reuse project or conversion is a means to facilitate a major reuse of buildings (Remoy, 2014). Main issues associated with adaptive reuse of buildings are such as financial, environmental, and social issues as mentioned in ARP (Adaptive Reuse Potential) (Langston, 2008). As heritage buildings are worth preserving, their value is one significant issue that we have to consider. Heritage is valued in a variety of ways and the value is driven by different motivations: economic, political, cultural, spiritual, aesthetic, e.g. (Avrami et al., 2000). In particular for old heritage buildings, this is a significant conservation method that can preserve their architectural heritage at a time of rapid development. Adaptive Reuse (AR) method is the only architectural heritage preservation approach that addresses all three mains issues of sustainable development: the environment, economy, and society or cultural (Giddings, 2002; Naseer, 2003). It can be considered as conciliation between historical preservation and demolition. AR of heritage buildings has several patterns according to functional usages: palaces or old houses adapted into office buildings, old houses converted into museums, restaurants, boutique hotels as well as shops, various other kinds of buildings changed to museums including commercial buildings whose original interior function turned into various other kinds of functions (Pongsermpol, 2011). For this study, we focused on one kind of adaptive reuse: building converted to Hotel Building (AR-hotels). Over the last decade, the trend of adaptive reuse of old buildings to hotels (AR-hotels) has been very strong in Thailand, especially in Bangkok. In the case of Adaptive Reuse Heritage Building converted to the Hotel Building, AR-HB-hotel, there have been many standards for physical renovation, business investment, and heritage building evaluation (Pongsermpol & Upala, 2017). Started with (1) the substantial renovation, there were architectural and interior standards applicable to small hotel design, e.g., a small hotel had to have four main distinct types of areas: guest room, public area, administration office and ‘back-of-house’ facility (Pickard, 2002). (2) Regarding business investment, there are five main issues in small hotel business operation: service design, operation, sales and marketing, finance and accounting as well as management (Suksawasdi, 2015). To end with (3) heritage building evaluation, there have been some standards regarding heritage value and authenticity such as cultural and socio–economic value including regarding