85 “Emerging infectious diseases are those that are newly appeared in the population, or are rapidly increasing their incidence or geographic range…. A reflection of the great, and largely uncatalogued, microbial biodiversity that exists in nature, many emerging infections are caused by pathogens that are present in the environment but are newly introduced into humans, often from another species as a result of changing ecological or environmental conditions that increase the chance of human contact.” Stephen S. Morse, “Hantaviruses, Hemorrhagic Fevers, and the Emergence of Infectious Diseases” from the conference The Value of Plants, Animals, and Microbes to Human Health, New York: American Museum of Natural History, April 17-18, 1998. CHAPTER 7 WILDLIFE UTILIZATION AND THE EMERGENCE OF VIRAL DISEASES REBECCA HARDIN AND PHILIPPE AUZEL Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) “budding”out of a T-cell. Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) grown in a human cell line.