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Abbreviation: AVM, arterio-venous malformation; CT,
computed tomography; GCS, glasgow coma scale; HA, hemodynamic
aneurysm; IEL, internal elastic lamina; MCA, middle cerebral artery;
MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
Introduction
The co-existence of Hemodynamic aneurysm (HA) and Arterio-
venous malformation (AVM) is frequently reported in the previous
literature by several authors.
2–9
Several theories have been proposed
to explain the pathogenesis of these dual pathologies and classifed
them according to the topographic relationship of the aneurysm with
the nidus Table 1. Perata et al.
2
showed that HAs are mostly present on
AVM feeding vessels rather than on other intracranial vessels (11.2%
vs. 0.8%). HA is considered as an acquired pathology which serves
as a marker of hemodynamic disturbances induced by AVM nidus.
The natural history of these dual pathology showed that, aneurysms
over time can regress, remain unchanged, can grow, even rupture or
may appear at new locations as well.
8
In our reported case, patient
had cortical AVM with proximal fow related saccular aneurysm,
for which he underwent clipping of the aneurysm in the frst sitting
followed by excision of AVM with evacuation of the hematoma in the
next sitting and achieved favorable outcome.
Case report
History and physical examination
A 48years old, normotensive non diabetic male presented with
sudden onset of severe headache followed by loss of consciousness
for 4 hours. He was immediately hospitalized. Admission GCS was
E2V2M4. There was anisocoria, whereas right pupil was 5mm,
sluggish reacting to light. Left pupil was 4mm and normal reacting to
light. Plantar response was bilaterally extensor. However, vital signs
were within normal limit. Other systemic examination revealed no
abnormalities. This 39-year-old man appeared to be perfectly.
Investigations
After hospitalization, an urgent CT scan of brain did, which
revealed massive hematoma occupying the right sylvian fssure
and adjacent parietal lobe (Figure 1). MRI of brain showed T1WI
heterogeneously hyper intense lesion present within the right sylvian
cistern and adjacent temporo-parietal area. The lesion had multiple
intrinsic fow voids in T2WI (Figure 2). Due to initial presentation
as intracranial hemorrhage and presence of multiple fow voids
in T2WI, a CT angiogram of cerebral vessels was done to sort out
the pattern of vascular pathology. CT angiogram showed a saccular
J Neurol Stroke. 2019;9(4):189‒194. 189
© 2019 Ansari et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.
Co-existence of arterio-venous malformation
and saccular bifurcation aneurysm of a 48years
old patient, presented with massive intracranial
hemorrhage: case report
Volume 9 Issue 4 - 2019
Ayub Ansari, Asifur Rahman, NazminAhmed,
ABM Manwar Hossain, Soumen Samadder,
Mohammad Samsul Arifn, Robert Ahmed
Khan, ASM Abu Obaida, Mohtasimul Hasan,
Bipin Chaurasia
Department of Neurosurgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical
University, Bangladesh
Correspondence: : Bipin Chaurasia, chief resident, Department
of Neurosurgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University,
Dhaka, Bangladesh, Tel +8801732531039,
Email
Received: April 24, 2019 | Published: July 12, 2019
Abstract
Background: Hemodynamic aneurysm (HA) associated with arterio-venous malformation
(AVM) is considered as one of the risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage.
1,2
Aneurysm
appears as a consequence of disruption in the cerebral auto regulatory mechanism which is
induced by AVM. According to the previously reported literature, untreated HA after AVM
exclusion can regress, remain unchanged, grow or rupture.
1–4
Aim of the work: The aim of this case report is to describe a rare case of simultaneous
presence of cortical arterio-venous malformation and saccular bifurcation aneurysm of a
48years old patient for which he underwent clipping of aneurysm and total excision of AVM
in two sitting within very short interval of time and achieved favorable outcome.
Case report: A 48-year-old normotensive, non-diabetic male presented with sudden
onset of severe headache followed by loss of consciousness. After thorough radiological
evaluation, he diagnosed as a case of right sided MCA bifurcation aneurysm and small
cortical parietal AVM. At frst sitting, he underwent right sided pterional craniotomy and
clipping of the aneurysm. 5days later he underwent right parietal craniotomy, evacuation of
hematoma and total excision of AVM. His post-operative period was satisfactory and was
released from hospital without having any neurological defcit.
Conclusion: Proper pre-operative work up, including angiogram should be done for any
suspected vascular lesion. Considering the management of our reported case, Author
recommends the simultaneous treatment of AVM and HA, which would be most benefcial
to the patient.
Keywords: aneurysm, arterio-venous malformation, hemodynamic instability
Journal of Neurology & Stroke
Case Report
Open Access