IJE TRANSACTIONS B: Applications Vol. 33, No. 5, (May 2020) 805-813 Please cite this article as: N. Arish, V. Teymoori, Development of Linear Vernier Hybrid Permanent Magnet Machine for Wave Energy Converter, International Journal of Engineering (IJE), IJE TRANSACTIONS B: Applications Vol. 33, No. 5, (May 2020) 805-813 International Journal of Engineering Journal Homepage: www.ije.ir Development of Linear Vernier Hybrid Permanent Magnet Machine for Wave Energy Converter N. Arish*, V.Teymoori Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran PAPER INFO Paper history: Received 21 January 2020 Received in revised form 10 February 2020 Accepted 21 March 2020 Keywords: Wave Energy Converter Permanent Magnet Machine Vernier Machine Halbach Array Linear Machine Finite Element Method ABSTRACT Today, due to the limited supply and rapid consumption of fossil fuels, transitioning towards renewable energy supplies has become more important than ever.. The purpose of this paper is to present a new linear permanent magnet vernier machine structure which is designed to capture wave energy and improve the performance of the prototype vernier machine. By halving the proposed vernier machine, amending gear ratio and changing the shape of permanent magnet (PM) and teeth, the performance of the proposed vernier machine increases compared to the prototype vernier machine. This novelty causes the proposed vernier machine to be lighter, more economical and more efficient than the prototype vernier machine. Moreover, the main parameters of the proposed vernier machine compared to the prototype vernier machine are improved, so that in the proposed vernier machine, induced voltage, PM flux and thrust force are increased by 30, 68 and 27% respectively. In addition, the ripple of thrust force is reduced by 5%, and the self-inductance is diminished by 55%. All analyses have been performed in the same conditions with the finite element method using Ansys Maxwell software. doi: 10.5829/ije. 2020.33.05b.12 1. INTRODUCTION 1 Renewable energies are classified into solar, marine, wind energy and etc [1]. Among the various sub- categories of marine energy, wave energy is the most important and popular energy, because of its high reliability, convenient accessibility, predictability and high power density [2, 3]. To use marine energy, we need energy converters. The electric machines are the main parts of these converters. Energy converters which are used in the marine are classified into two types of rotary and linear converters. One of the newest structures is the Permanent Magnet (PM) converters that are capable of generating more force and power due to PM excitation [4]. Converters are designed in different structures, each of which has its own unique features so that each wave energy converter is designed and built according to installation location and type of operation. In general, the structure of the PM convertors is classified into five main categories: point absorber, oscillating water column, oscillating wave surge, pressure differential, and overtopping converter [5]. PM converters can be *Corresponding Author Email: Nima.Arishh@gmail.com (N. Arish) designed in flat or tubular structures which using magnetorheological (MR) fluids and dampers, reduces the vibration and makes control easier [6, 7]. In the tubular structure, the translator can be outside and inside and the magnets can be mounted on both the translator and the stator [8, 9]. Using magnets on the translator makes the construction complex and also increases the likelihood of demagnetization. On the other hand, the use of a magnet on the stator in electric machines with long stator will increase the magnet size, weight and the cost of its construction. The linear vernier machine is one of the newest electric PM machines which is used in wave energy converters due to its high power output at low speeds which is because of the presence of multiple magnetic poles. This type of machine in addition to its unique features has downsides such as low power factor and high leakage flux; which engineers have designed new structures to improve these drawbacks. In litrature [10, 11], by reducing the size of the magnets and changing the structure of the teeth and PM, the magnetic circuit has been unbalanced which reduced the leakage flux and improved the machine performance. Moreover,