VOL. 12, NO. 24, DECEMBER 2017 ISSN 1819-6608
ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences
© 2006-2017 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved.
www.arpnjournals.com
7400
PROPERTIES OF PAPERCRETE
Iqbal N. Gorgis, Harith M. Zaki and Shakir A. Salih
Department of Building and Construction Engineering, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
E-Mail: 40054@uotechnology.edu.iq
ABSTRACT
This paper studies the employment of waste, paper as an additional material in concrete mixes. Is simply a
mixture, of paper and concrete? A composite made by adding waste paper as a partial addition by weight of cement. It is a,
sustainable, building material due to reduced amount of waste paper being put to pretty use. It gains inherent strength due
to presence of hydrogen bonds, in microstructure of paper. Papercrete has low cost as compared with alternative building
construction material and energy absorption. It has good fire-resistant, sound absorption and thermal insulation. The
percent of waste paper used (after treating) namely (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) by weight of cement to explore the
properties of the mixes (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, density, thermal conductivity and
scanning electron microscope (SEM)). As compared with references mixes, it was found that the fresh properties affected
significantly by increasing the waste paper content. The compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength,
and density were decreased with increasing the percentage of waste paper addition. By using paper pulp with different
weight percentages led to decreasing in thermal conductivity. The values of thermal conductivity at 28 days of all mixes
range between (1.21 to 0.79 W/m.K).
Keywords: papercrete, compressive strength, splitting, strength, flexural, strength, sensity, water, absorption, thermal, conductivity,
SEM.
INTRODUCTION
The use of waste paper has role,in getting rid of
their ,huge quantities, which constitute a fundamental
environmental problem because of the ,difficulty of its
degradation. Various attempts have ,been therefore made
in the building material manufactures to use waste
material products, According to Resource, information
system ,incorporated (RISI), paper recycling ,,has been
,performed about 60% ~ 80% in many ,countries, see
(Table-1) (1). The waste problem considered as one of the
most crucial problems facing the world as a basis of the
environmental contamination. The waste is usually defined
as all remains ,objects resulted from production uses ,and
transfer ,processes, and in general ,all scattered things ,and
resources that must ,dispose to prevent the danger on the
health ,of the human and ,save the social environment ,in
general (2).
Wastepaper has been used as building materials
for decades, especially in cementitious; matrices, and since
then a lot of research has been conducted to develop; the
mechanical properties of the composite like compressive,
tensile, flexural strength, and etc. (3).
Use of waste paper in structural concrete could
become an economical and environmental friendly which
helps to minimize harmful effects of construction process,
(4 and 5). Paper is the most frequent; type of waste found
in all actiity areas and, exemplifies an, important source of
cellulous, fibers.
In different forms (quality paper, mixed paper,
newspapers and journals) paper exemplifies about 41% of
all household waste produced today. Paper is a recyclable
material; that after reaching the garbage dumps; has a
biodegradation period of (3-12) months. That is why the
benefits for nature through, paper waste recycling are very
important. Paper can be, recycle in the technological flow
that has, produced it for the manufacture of paper, or the
produce of cardboard and pasteboard. waste paper could
be only be, recycled (6-10) times, with each recycling the
length of, cellulose fiber is, reduced, that will cause, a
decrease in strength and ,quality (appearance, color) of the
manufactured paper and an increase, of technological
,losses.
Table-1. Recycling ratio of paper in, some countries (1).
Kor,ea Ja,pan Chi,na Taiw,an Hong,Kong U.S,.A Canad,a Germ,any U,.K Fra,nce
Rec,ycling
Ratio (%)
75.4 72 34 68 80 52 68 75 65 64
Cellulose fiber insulation uses recycled
newspaper as a raw material, from which raw fibers are
extracted and subsequently treated with special additives
for fire proofing, as well as for preservation against pests.
The manufacture technology includes the application by
injection of cellulose fibers. It can ,be applied for thermal
insulation; of walls, floors, as well ceilings and roofs
enclose ,at the ,same time ,good sound, insulation (2),
,more than 500, million; tons of paper is generated
worldwide per annum (6).
Papercrete was produced by blending sufficient
amount of waste, paper with Portland cement, type I,