htp://vetresnotes.com/ 1 Khanam et al. / Vet. Res. Notes., 1(1): 1–5, October 2021 VETERINARY RESEARCH NOTES ISSN 2790-2218 (Electronic) htp://doi.org/10.5455/vrn.2021.a1 October 2021 Published by the Network for the Veterinarians of Bangladesh VOL 1, NO. 1, PAGES 1–5 RESEARCH ARTICLE Isolaton and molecular identfcaton of Candida spp. and Saccharomyces spp. from bakery products and their impact on public health Shurya Khanam, Md. Ahosanul Haque Shahid , Md. Muket Mahmud , Md. Zawad Hossain, Mst. Minara Khatun , KHM Nazmul Hussain Nazir Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh. Correspondence KHM Nazmul Hussain Nazir nazir@bau.edu.bd Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh. How to cite: Khanam S, Shahid MAH, Mahmud MM, et al. Isolaton and molecular identfcaton of Candida spp. and Saccharomyces spp. from bakery products and their impact on public health. Vet Res Notes. 2021;1(1)1–5. doi:10.5455/vrn.2021.a1 ABSTRACT Objectves: The purpose of this study was to isolate and identfy Candida spp. and Saccharomyces spp. from bakery products (bread and cake) using a range of cultural (e.g., colony shape, size, color, elevaton, surface edge, consistency, etc.) and morphological (e.g., cell shape, bud, etc.) features. Materials and Methods: Cake and bread samples (n = 40) were obtained from various retail out- lets in Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. The samples were collected asep- tcally and transferred to the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene at BAU, Mymensingh, for analysis. Processed samples were inoculated onto Potato Dextrose Agar media and incubated at a humidity of 75% for 5-7 days at 28°C. The fungi were primarily identfed based on their colony structures. DNA was extracted from suspected colonies and was used for the detecton of Candida spp. and Saccharomyces spp. using genus-specifc primers (ITS-1 and ITS-4). Results: Candida spp. and Saccharomyces spp. had a combined prevalence of 50% (n = 20/40; p < 0.05). Candida spp. was identfed in 15% (n = 6/40) of the fungi, while Saccharomyces spp. was detected in 35% (n = 14/40). Conclusion: In conclusion, it can be stated that bakery foods have a signifcant impact on human fungal infecton in Bangladesh. ARTICLE HISTORY Received August 30, 2021 Revised September 19, 2021 Accepted September 22, 2021 Published October 13, 2021 KEYWORDS Candida spp.; Bakery foods; PCR; Saccharomyces spp. Introducton A bakery (also known as a baker’s shop or bake shop) is an establishment that manufactures and sells baked goods made with flour, such as bread, cookies, cakes, pastries, and biscuits. Bangladesh’s bakery foods culture has swept the country. Bangladesh’s bakery food business is a fast-rising sector. Bakery food is becoming a popular and significant source of nutrition for families of all economic classes in Bangladesh. Candida spp., Aspergillus (A.) flavus, A. fumiga- tus, A. niger, Penicillium spp., and Fusarium spp. are the most common food contaminating fungi [1]. These are respon- sible for about 90% of food poisoning worldwide. In most cases, contamination occurs due to inappropriate handling, unclean preparation conditions, and infected utensils [2,3]. Yeasts (Candida spp. and Saccharomyces spp.) are unicellular, eukaryotic, polyphyletic, and ubiquitous microorganisms that are found on a wide variety of fruits, vegetables, bakery foods (e.g., bread, cake, etc.), and other plant materials [4]. The prevalence and characteristics of superficial fungal infections (SFIs) vary by age, gender, climatic conditions, lifestyle, and patterns in population migration. Subcutaneous fungal infections of the skin are frequent in rural areas of Bangladesh [5]. Bread is one type of bakery item that is suspected of causing yeast infections. Numerous infections, including oral thrush, vaginitis, urinary tract infection, endocardi- tis, respiratory syndromes, and meningitis, are caused by Candida spp. [6]. Candida spp. and Saccharomyces spp. have become substantial causes of illness and mortality in patients undergoing immunosuppressive chemotherapy for cancer or organ transplantation, as well as in immuno- compromised patients, such as those with untreated AIDS. Children and the elderly are more prone to oral candidiasis © The authors. This is an Open Access artcle distributed under the terms of the Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 License (htp://creatvecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0)