Empire and Adolescence: Whiteness and Gendered Citizenship in American Young Adult Literature, 1904-1951 By MicKenzie E. Fasteland A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (English and Women’s Studies) In the University of Michigan 2016 Doctoral Committee Associate Professor Ruby Tapia, Chair Professor Mary C. Kelley Professor Petra Kuppers Associate Professor Joshua L. Miller